Transcript of Episode 42 - Memory Brain Neuron Plasticity Remember
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00:00:02| so I'm damned yeah Dom Nick books and together we form is crazy dying in them known as the Sun and Earth no sir we don't pander yeah especially not to younger viewers you're under 18 please
00:00:20| get your waiver signed and come back yeah go listen to some tinier podcast isn't here we've also dan you're an employer you cannot use this populist against employees only because it's for
00:00:34| infotainment that's for fun entertainment purposes only and nothing can be used against us in court of law mm-hmm so would you say we do here again I'd like to fit in the groove and just
00:00:47| flow yeah it out new conversation let it rip couple old friends just going over some really interesting stuff so why you tuned in enjoy thanks that's all right there we go we did over here
00:01:05| yeah I'm Dan we're folks I'm Nick and we've especially already yeah that's okay well we're out to run with it yeah Johanna from neuron air oh yeah you got a plug in yeah yeah you got it gonna
00:01:28| throw a little you know yeah we do the neuron air things I listen to it up actually you know when this episode comes out I think ours might finally launch plug from oh look for it folks
00:01:47| today episode we - big moment right here there's something I'm gonna say about it but it's funny I forget ah we do an episode on dem Emory and Emory loss I think or something like that
00:02:08| uh-huh I always forget how to start these things I forget everything yeah there there's a forget - no there's no there's a rhyme and a reason so there's a flop
00:02:17| there is so I get got any clarifications Corrections you last time what we talked about ourselves did we say anything wrong I did I claimed that I was apprehended by law
00:02:29| enforcement this is not true my son was like anyone the future employers was saying I was never apprehended by law enforcement and I was never given any citations ever here sorry as a power
00:02:42| patient was a joke never got that ticket for inebriation didn't happen so you didn't go did you go jail and him they put you the back of the car though right I didn't have any there that's it no I
00:02:55| did not drink beer in the open shirt listen get drunk in public didn't add it there were no witnesses right never happened right and if I said it in a podcast doesn't mean anything if I
00:03:08| witnesses er this dude was only over 40 a Superbowl beer I thought this for the Superbowl and I never got around to drink it and it's been in the fridge for well I can tell you when it expired
00:03:21| March with it and we're gonna dump it so why not you know what I mean special occasion special occasion doing the podcast let's see how expired 40th Miller High Life tastes I'm action shot
00:03:36| so if there are no witnesses remaining then it never never really happened right tastes like the Super Bowl huh this for me it's pretty good yeah good no no right here in photo ha your
00:03:54| whereabouts we go way back where uh I guess what's your background because we need to meet make you legitimate right yes what's your history did okay so my background
00:04:19| degrees of biomedical engineering my bachelor's then also a master's then I was a technician for five years in the lab that did research on developmental neuroscience and so how the brain
00:04:38| develops all the way from we actually did work on stem cells on embryonic stem cells to see how the human brain develops and then I came to Albert Einstein College of Medicine to get a
00:04:53| PhD so now the neuroscience PhD students and I'll be finishing my fourth year in August slice qualified yeah definitely qualify it's going to give up no I'm already qualified trust me when I say
00:05:09| that the GED or higher you were ready for the other hand actually you've surpassed our expectations and we're actually pleased to have you here I wasn't sure at first until I heard that
00:05:20| now I'm sure well it's got to feel real good to say Albert Einstein school was cool medicine Albert Einstein medicine I heard it yeah you know it sounds it sounds good because people know the name
00:05:40| right actually I'm so check out Rockefeller University which is like I guess it's higher ranked I guess overall for for our PhD was more esteemed you know there's Nobel laureates there but
00:05:59| people haven't heard I'm actually none of us to me they've heard of walk together was obviously so that's my walking run mind yeah no argument doesn't hold anyway
00:06:09| holy but these people have heard of Albert Einstein right so it's good guy crazy here right where I sign lower your t-shirts and stuff and look cool today II you're currently going there yes
00:06:28| August if you're a bigot penalty vampire time I finished my fourth year in August how many years is the PhD um yeah you you just keep going several okay yeah it could be it could be seven could be
00:06:47| eight then they kick you out like get the F are you tired of again no no things are finally starting to kind of come together so I'm tired of it kind of in the wrong the wrong job because this
00:07:06| this kind of goes for my whole life is basically a permutation of whatever I'm doing now so and then didn't you do like body harvesting or something three summers at a human tissue bank uh-huh
00:07:25| was that like that like people who have died by accident or people who dedicated their bodies to science or whose tomb is up there so people will come to hospitals and then they will speak to
00:07:42| the families and ask if they are willing to donate bone skin cartilage ever get a whole cadaver some tendons you just say the whole thing and that'll check in before yeah well you know they they
00:08:00| would give full arms in a hole legs I mean I the whole team the blank is hanging out there and then pull and harvest it and then they would donate the parts and then really interesting
00:08:11| because they would be bone filler for example so let's say you book a bone or you kind of shattered it anyhow always kind of gaps right so then they take bone they take the cells out of it right
00:08:23| so you left with a little the calcium and things like that also the the matrix of it and then they fill it in into the key to your bullshit to the bone graft and you won't reject it there's no cells
00:08:35| Arthur say there's no different type of bone or anything it's just all bones good once it's in it's yeah because it's like that the matrix is the same and then the things that would make you
00:08:46| reject it are things that we'll have to duel with your cells right right so then the immune system would what's called a cellular ization so they take out the cells
00:08:59| what about both animal bones or a different material or can they do that they can do that too bad see even like you know like pink parts and I think they were even looking at using pig
00:09:15| hearts or cow hearts at some people and I don't know how far they got acted not a little person in that but you can also do the same thing that sells out and then we can do is put your cells back
00:09:31| onto that heart right so it rejected yeah so then your cells like you could take stem cells that will make heart muscle and then put that on to the heart and then implanted into you you won't
00:09:46| reject it you know it's just like a different species heart but it should what does find it then that just close well it's weird but it sounds good yeah so what are you using to harvest
00:09:56| this stuff yeah like a like a giant needle a scalpel a little chainsaw or something like how do you hack the body part that he thought the part I'm curious about
00:10:07| yeah so that was yes all this I mean home depot chainsaw but obviously certified one phonetically certified by Dan yeah why not you know so science is like when you're
00:10:26| on the outside and then when you see all like CSI and all these things it looks all fancy you know it's crazy equipment all the colorful liquids and everything and then you get to the lab and they're
00:10:37| using like pliers to pull open a thumb or something and they're like I just got to get it out or like yeah the first you know and then using like like think the paperclip those black slip binders
00:10:53| things you know GG they're like making crap out of anything 20 years right so they just made it work but I was like wow this is not expected at all oh yeah what works more cool painting me
00:11:09| after that well this brings me to the word of the day it's let the Logica less illogical yeah you guys don't use that in every day tournament it God probably says more
00:11:22| about you than me it's in there were four tip of the tongue when something is like I was just I had a name and I couldn't say it it was on the tip of my tongue
00:11:32| good rum in French you may remember the catch-22 it is translated as preska vous or almost seem so something is almost there but you don't quite have it like the opposite of dejan though remember
00:11:49| something that didn't happen well let's press kibou I'm almost Remora timing before any of it happen I love that I did which ties a little bit into memory we can move on to sure sure yeah
00:12:04| how about all sobbing huh anyone know about that also time every time I like hypnosis an unreliable it is no no how unreliable it is it changes them like eye witnesses and cooking the court Oh
00:12:17| eyewitnesses are terrible terrible terrible people eyewitness testimony should be like 30 percent effective I believe it's like 79 time off by even if it's off by the
00:12:29| color of the car or the size of the man or how many people was in the crowd they're all like 70% of time yeah a lot of that's overhead that's being a lot of the did the DNA overturns in the past 10
00:12:41| years or so I think that yeah the stat was 70% of those that were I witnessed or false the DNA proved that they couldn't be there and even like last week there's that one woman who said
00:12:51| those two guys that spent 20 years in prison they didn't really rate me it never happened and those guys were like who I thought I said they were like like hold it people yeah yeah so how is
00:13:03| something so important memory we use it every day I believe it pretty much is the main component of our identity right I mean because there's the way you look but your memories are kind of you circle
00:13:15| back to it go ahead is that a comment so they've done okay one thing about why that happens one is the brain hates a vacuum right so the brain hates just like empty space where
00:13:35| it like it doesn't have like a string of things like a cogent story and logically yeah and so think of like what you're doing right now right there's so many bees you can be paying attention to you
00:13:48| can be paying attention to smells and sights and sounds and all these things right right if you're not paying attention to the cue leave your clothes until somebody says it right but your
00:13:59| brain is constantly processing this in the background and it's not until use that's kind of changing it that's suddenly you're like oh somebody says and so you're only requesting some small
00:14:11| fractions at a time and I may have a naked dream shirt they say short-term memory ranges between 20 and 30 seconds and at any time during short-term memory you're very aware of six to seven to
00:14:28| four different unique Senate recess correct but like there's millions of things in the room with you if you're only really cognizant of six of them for twenty seconds at a time whether it's
00:14:41| how loud my voice is how good-looking my hair is I did get a cut thank you for noticing everyone like several things like that where you guys are on the screen and then like three more things
00:14:51| and then I've stopped paying attention to everything on this desk this Miller highlight how cold cold and delicious it is so you're saying you're not processing it you're igniting there I'm
00:15:02| up most of this stuff around me because of short-term memory we don't have room for all that stuff right now yeah there's no meeting you know forget it but so interesting that they've done
00:15:13| studies and they've actually tried to implant false memories into people and have succeeded they've actually succeeded convincing people that they know when they're five East yet that
00:15:32| that's like babe they were lost in a shopping mall or something and some elderly person brought them back and renamed the family and like a certain percentage of people just convinced that
00:15:45| this study like 80% of people were able to be tricked into believing that something happened right right right you could easily sway people so back to the I mean this thing right you could
00:15:56| kind of lead them to believe with keywords and things like that that this happened or that exactly like lawyers are the bad guys you heard it here on the on banners
00:16:05| first a lawyer led all these witnesses to believe their own eyewitness testimony and they are the bad people so I agree with you yeah that's not what I said all my
00:16:23| lawyer friends young felony you could give reality I forget what the life sentence no they you know the next well yeah I did them something about that we were just so you're talking about the
00:16:38| basis of what makes up a human and if you have no memory what does it what is a human yeah I guess your looks I have a feel that a with that but you know my goodbyes with having no intelligence
00:16:51| mm-hmm I mean my god I have both yeah no actually it was to a littler what we were just talking about so we're being bombarded with sensory stuff at all
00:17:03| times right and possibly sensory memory discards about 90% of what's hit with it you know I don't remember the color of the wall when I turn to my left and we were just discussing that stuff Oh
00:17:15| sensory memory anything you give attention to pulses a short-term memory that's where most of the now is going on in your brain I saw this really cool graph I wish I could show you guys and I
00:17:26| almost drew it but maintenance rehearsal might have been the name of the craft anyway your short-term memory is going on right here that short-term memory stays there and then if it's unattended
00:17:37| like it's something like I was paying attention to but the cold of this beverage if it's not important to me it'll be lost but if it is important or it's tied to a
00:17:46| memory or something like that it gets encoded it's a long-term memory so anything in long-term memory does have to pass through short-term memory they say C which I kinda interesting did
00:17:56| you come across any of the memory tests that have about 20 words in a grid and it says yeah too many like you know remind me every their self to the earth how'd you do I didn't do one um well
00:18:07| there's like I see there's 25 and I got like seven and they're out yeah most of my like random until they say that there's categories and they organize them by categories and then the mind is
00:18:18| something a little different where it's not trying to remember the picture is try and remember the category and then once it can categorize things it helps a lot for mnemonics now you're talking
00:18:28| about connection in the mnemonics have you guys I'm guessing through your user do you come across those like the memory championships no I did not oh that's interesting was a journalist right and
00:18:46| they they have memory competitions and it's basically they were saying it's like watching a whole bunch of little to the SATs it's like would be boring but they have like like hundreds of numbers
00:18:59| or something that they have to to memorize when they dude numbers or words that is important I got enough huh they do don't even know how to order in words or what is it it's a whole bunch could
00:19:08| be numbers or words or patterns are like dicks of cars or something in order of Mixel cars and like really seemingly just meaningless things and you would think that these people actually look
00:19:22| kind of savants right there that have some amazing memories but actually when they were tested great that they they were put into a lab and tested for memory they on average don't have much
00:19:34| better memory than most people what they do is they have these mnemonic devices and have you guys heard of the memory palace okay that's another strategy that people use to memorize Thanks and it's
00:19:50| often they say use a house that you're very familiar with so like a child you don't put home and you let's say you want to remember something that is maybe nothing
00:20:05| important right leave it like you like you were saying but you need to know like like for her medical school or something right so maybe your specialty won't be something with a renal system
00:20:18| but you need to learn it to pass your exams right so then you will it make a whole rule about the renal system and then you start associating things with things in the room with with that
00:20:30| information and so one example that this that this guy which I was talking about this journalist was it okay so you you open the door and and on top of a horse you see there's Cookie Monster it he's
00:20:48| eating some kind of cookie and then you go into the living room and there's Britney Spears doing whatever so there are any crazy things you won't get because they're crazy but then they lead
00:20:58| to something else and people you use this strategy to remember stuff it turns out that these memory champion people use that same kind of strategy then I'll finish the story by saying this
00:21:09| journalist got so intrigued that he actually participated in it was kind of training himself out for a year and then won the damn thing either later haha winner winner chicken dinner I'm in so
00:21:23| they're kind of feeding on its of shock and maybe a little bit of maybe emotion so their emotional side of being surprised by something a little bit into it I think interesting is it some with
00:21:34| the neuron anytime you remember something I read that you have to trace the neurons again so it's all these connections it's not one neuron one memory it's a bunch of lines connected
00:21:43| through these neurons so the idea is I think if you can associate a more things with an event or a something you want to memorize you you almost put sticky notes on them so there's a sticky note here is
00:21:55| to get over here the more sticky notes that item has more things you can associate it with more chances that will be picked up by those neurons it has more feelers I don't know is the way I
00:22:04| would explain it like it has more there's more things that's connected to and your brain actually their king yeah these things are called neural ensembles
00:22:14| so there are loops of neurons that fire together musical musical terminology I get a neuron for everyone wondering at home who's been watching for 30 minutes and has no clue that we're talking about
00:22:28| the brain a new front is in the brain there are roughly a billion of them think that it is perfect no is it a guarantee uh-oh she's got a neuron can you show us the synapse well
00:22:55| she's got progress there they round off two to a hundred billion for a hundred billion neurons they actually that's more like 86 billion and you'd think that okay 86 billion a hundred billion
00:23:10| same difference but actually that that is actually the size of a small monkey brains it's actually quite significant even on a monkey brain around a nest let's just travel across these neurons
00:23:26| everyone roughly 150 miles an hour mmm I feel like that's that shoved it in there I got a statu for you I read there like from two years of age to ten years of age you actually lose 50% of the
00:23:40| synapses that your brain initially has from really that's all about strengthening and repurposing of more pathways yeah you're learning a whole a lot when you're when you're a kid right
00:23:54| I saw three two one and so they called neuroplasticity which I think you probably weren't about right which so you know the ability to make all these new connections and but you also have to
00:24:06| prune them back then it's called synaptic pruning and through all these different mechanisms right that some of which are still unknown like your your brain starts to choose that the ones
00:24:17| that that are important and then they say like neurons that fire together wire together so then the here or you have enroll in Samba 'ls you have these memories and if these snows are
00:24:28| firing together which then it starts to strengthen that connection with some strengthens the memory and then it was partly look while you're a kid is very easy to learn things like constantly
00:24:38| making all these different connections and your brain is plastic raised it's you all that and then over time it starts to get pulling back they actually think that potentially autism and on
00:24:52| some leaps crania has to do with too much of too much of these synapses so there's something wrong with these connections that costing us to be kind of autistic and then lastly when it
00:25:07| comes to Alzheimer's you're you have kind of an extreme case of this pruning I'm not sure if it's maybe the exact same mechanism but it could be something similar where your brain starts to prune
00:25:21| back these connections more than it than it should and I mean that's a component of Alzheimer's a lot I understand was that um almost associated with CTE ah like you know that's a hardening of the
00:25:35| brain almost essentially physically I I'm trying to remember I already know she's on the outside of your brain yeah yeah CT it was direct result on neocortex right there was a hardening or
00:25:47| something so that it was almost becoming thicker so people with themselves in the head a lot get it you know classmate of mine is doing a study about soccer players and that their repetitive
00:26:06| headers yeah they do a lot of headers yeah and as people that could be a risk for it even just will not it's probably worth the money let's be honest players on the ronaldo of podcasting I figured
00:26:27| I'd be the Ronaldo of soccer and you're never gonna be an amateur you're just gonna start right at the top right when you start I'm going right to the top coach not doing any headers till I get
00:26:36| the big money not taking any of this bad boy mm-hmm so one of the things mentioned earlier was uh the kids have more neural pathways and they're they're more likely
00:26:46| for mice from what I researched to have photographic memory because I guess there's there's a way that the brain kind of assimilates knowledge and it makes it more understandable but also
00:26:56| more limited so they call photographic memory i eidetic memory so something that you can actually represent exactly they call it perfect recall but as you get older you start to make connections
00:27:08| that are language based or symbol based and you can't recall things perfectly do you have any instances of anyone with perfect recall exact names one second well because I came across I did a one
00:27:25| of those Nova documentaries on memory hey do you know how nobody they do the science like documentaries it was like an hour long they kind of sensationalize it a little bit you know it's like when
00:27:35| you watch one of the space ones they do a lot of space once and they're like this could mean that there are other universes right next door and they go to the next scene and they show you all
00:27:44| those cool graphics it's a little sensationalized but I thought it was really good it was on how the memory works 22:17 documentary anyway it was it starts with
00:27:54| a kid named Jake Hassler he's 11 years old and he has like this like Total Recall like they'll be like what happened May 12 2007 he's like the World Series the Cardinals speak to whoever
00:28:05| like 6 to 2 and they just like ask him out of the blue and they're like who are the starting pitchers and he knew and they've got a lot of studies in this kid and they're really excited because they
00:28:13| have a lot of people with this kind of memory but none of our this young so now they're sticking them on is MRI the big one for looking at the brain magnetic yes oh that that's probably they're
00:28:29| doing all sorts of crazy stuff they found all that it's like active as they are in it is that the function yes see which plating up yeah anyway um it's not called Total Recall there's a scientist
00:28:46| Jim McNown Mackinaw McNall makhni McNall dole them sue me Theon he's doing a study he's trying to find people with H Sam it's called highly superior
00:28:56| autobiographical memory and it's people who get at least 80% of the recall corrects over you know the Corso in 10 would you have for breakfast 18 months ago and to the day they'll get it right
00:29:11| so that's that's like an autobiographical form of memory right sure it's your own it's your own plates Harper hyperthymesia because there's five different types of perfect memory
00:29:22| or near perfect memory ohh-ho-ho mister I just googled it go ahead yeah hyperthymesia eidetic with that of mnemonic savant and then emotional so which one you want
00:29:36| are you gonna are you gonna leave us a few not in there well you tell us all well you give us a quick summary because you've read the entire article you're well versed you're gonna give it to
00:29:44| everyone here hyperthymesia is like autobiographical it's something gonna happen to you you can recall the weather and a certain day because you existed you you were there you would absorb that
00:29:54| information and just store it's an eidetic is the photographic part is the perfect recall mnemonic is what we talked about before it's using different methods to recall information the
00:30:06| savants for the people there like something I've got autistic about them something that's a little bit off hat yeah Matt well they can they can recall information and usually they're damaged
00:30:15| in some way so that it doesn't like the different parts of the brain don't function quite normally and then the emotional side is something like I don't really have a lot on that but it's like
00:30:29| the amygdala so the amygdala provides the emotional stimulus to the brain okay so they can if they fuse memories with emotional status they can recall it perfectly like the if you have an
00:30:39| intense experience then you recall all the details of that really super intense experience don't we do that in general to a lesser extent right yeah if you if you had something traumatic like the
00:30:51| traumatic thing will be imprinted on you forever like you'll be afraid of walking up stairs if someone attacks you while you're on steps but do you remember a specific attacker set of steps all that
00:31:03| stuff you tied together the people they talked about they could remember like the details of the graffiti on the wall like a knife they came at them with like they
00:31:11| actually had perfect recall that that event got another study for ya about motional stuff so you found the case so we were talking a little bit about autobiographical memory right and how
00:31:26| without it if you don't remember what happened yesterday or you know whatever years ago II don't remember what happened in yours bill but you have a sense for it that kind of made who you
00:31:36| are today right but you know philosophically every moment every nanosecond it just pleading right so yeah this a working memory that we were talking about and I remember us talking
00:31:51| about it you know 20 minutes ago because it was important to me so it's you know so there I do not it's planting 40th nana 70 ounces of beer expired beer just a bunch of
00:32:04| nanoseconds over a lifetime what they found that if people were undergoing and actually this is they were undergoing a colonoscopy Thanks and really emotional to the tears
00:32:26| on Nick's face right now is before the anesthesia right so this is when they would do it like just and they had people they had the subject report paint right every every minute right how how
00:32:47| uncomfortable that work right good no yes subject a is subject piece a reported pain I guess for the first part of it but then overall they had less available drove off yeah then he should
00:33:04| be had more consistent paper-wrapped but so in that moment it means like micro you know most of your life he should be experienced more overall he but then when they ask them after the
00:33:19| procedure is some time and then waiting even more months and asking about the procedure they found that patient a actually reported remembering a more uncomfortable experience as opposed to
00:33:29| patient B and it turns out that you cut you remember the worst part and then how it ended right and so patient a like at the end of this whole colonoscopy is really uncomfortable when when it's over
00:33:43| so they remembered like that there was some kind of crescendo right that they were really comfortable and that at the very end kind of sucked whereas for patient B it's like I don't
00:33:54| know think I used to live or something you know it wasn't like some like moment that really sucked and then at the end they were a little more gentle and ending it so even though they experience
00:34:06| more pain in general they remembered again like it goes positive and negative like you remember their really great part and then the end so you want to end on a good note
00:34:17| yeah if you think about an experience right like you could have had a great day and then like at the very end of icily shitty happened and everything it is a shitty day at that point true is
00:34:33| tricky like that hmm I'm just trying to recall all my first dates how awful they were for the moment cuz I couldn't end on good note what's the next what's the next we talk about
00:34:45| Sammy Jenkins I do but you know there's a real one there's a real Sammy so what you're talking about is lament oh yeah maybe can't want it like 14 years don't make new memories so every like six
00:35:04| hours he's like we Japanese like what and then he has to guess that ooze all over his body that remind him of his whole life and he has to try and just go by the tattoos I guess yeah which I hate
00:35:15| good idea you just ate a lot new tattoos like constantly new tattooed that tattoo anyway it's based on a real person in this is named beyond
00:35:29| says 53 he falls off his bike as a kid he hurt a part of his brain and um he was a deaf I am said adept he was getting lots of seizures I blacked it well from from a head injury I'm not
00:35:43| sure if that's have electic related it could be brought on him so he's getting seizures as a doctor at the time was very experimental we did till he's 27 years old so this is 1967 70s and we're
00:35:56| near I'm not good at fobia correction says I can fix him there's a part of the brain called it the hippocampus it's directly related to the seizure Jordan trust me they cut out two-thirds of his
00:36:08| hippocampus put everything back together perfect he was fine no more seizures great only problem is he couldn't make any new memories so every day was like starting over new like the 54 first
00:36:25| dates another common movie I'm sure audiences seen and it led people to finally realize that hey maybe the hippocampus is important in making new memories and to this day I think that's
00:36:38| the leading the leader in the clubhouse leader on the gamma there's nothing you can check anywhere anything about the brain there's not a lot of official information it's very on the leading
00:36:51| candidate the science say right now like everything else especially when it comes to this memory stuff we've all been talking about mm-hmm for the audience it's it's usually a general consensus
00:37:01| more than its fact that correct that the hippocampus does what it's the creating new memories that has to do a lot with like the short-term memory that we were talking about and that kind of filters
00:37:15| into long-term memory and long-term memory is kind of scattered throughout right throughout the brain so okay so what I read or heard or saw in that video like you were just saying
00:37:25| short-term memory eventually becomes long-term memory long-term memory isn't stored anywhere it's like when you remember or your first kiss or the time you fell off your bike or whatever it's
00:37:34| not in one spot in the brain like they don't look and they say hey let's get the let's load up the file and pull it out here's the but like fall over and it's like a little video to the place
00:37:42| it's not like was that sunshine its sunshine we got it what they do is it has to come from different parts of the brain that are all connected by the neurons these
00:37:56| connections are actually formed and physically it's like I want to say they're created via some proteins and all that when they synthesize they synthesize them right I'm pointing you
00:38:07| as you know boarded yeah well when you anytime you create a memory mm-hmm there's a protein synthesis that actually happens correct you know they don't know where Emory's are stored or
00:38:24| how actually then what it looks like the best thing that we have right now it seems is something that would kind of use the hippocampus for example on a mouse so there's this pretty cool study
00:38:39| and through a whole bunch of fancy techniques they could train a mouse to be afraid of a certain kind of box right yeah so so there's they could be conditioned then to be afraid of tones
00:38:59| right because then you could play a sound at the same time cause some kind of pain to that like I'm lighter this I would have liked animals I would return one person yeah she's worse than you but
00:39:24| cats are doing so great so we're talking about a whole emotional link to to memories right so you're you're causing this like fear and this kind of distress responsive and in a
00:39:40| mouse and we do is you can label the neurons that are involved in this particular memory and then you can visualize them and then and through even more fancy techniques you could control
00:39:52| these neurons and basically using light and so you you implant a fiberoptic into the mouse brain I won't get into the whole details of it but basically then you could turn on those particular
00:40:11| neurons and you could have that Mouse feel that fear even when they're not in that box that their condition should be fearful so if you condition the mouse to be afraid of a red box here somewhere
00:40:26| feeling the red box fear even though initially norons and then they won't be afraid of those blue box right then putting the red block us with without the conditioning tone or whatever it is
00:40:41| right and then they'll be afraid you can see them be afraid cause they freeze and you can take them out put them in the blue box where they're usually comfortable and turn a light on you can
00:40:49| reactivate this memory basically that you labeled from these experiments and then you're gonna make them freeze and be afraid of this blue box when normally they have no reason to be afraid of it
00:41:01| so it's going back to what we're saying his neural ensembles right so there's this population neurons are activated during this certain year yeah and by reactivating that ensemble then you're
00:41:20| creating a fear and and recalling it and even you could they were even trying to put two different memories together like stimulating a population neurons have to do with this little box and another
00:41:34| population that had to do with like certain stimulus and the kind of creating a new fear for this Mouse then you know like you're saying there's also things that have to do with protein
00:41:44| synthesis and then the strength of the neurons that are firing together and then the different ensembles and stuff so it's a really complicated question that we're really only two strategies
00:41:53| scratching the surface that work so we only have an idea oh did they do the reverse cuz like I could imagine them like shocking the crap out of a mouse and not be like its
00:42:02| fearful its fearful but like if they didn't touch like the happy like friendly side of the mouse then it's like oh it's just joyfully playing now we're shocking the crap out of it so
00:42:10| like I could see them being like oh yeah definitely conclusions study positive we got it but if they didn't do like the mouse is now happy he's eating his food he's cheerfully
00:42:20| running even though we're shocking him in his in his what red box blue box I don't know which one no that sounds terrible that sounds like something to be happy shocked if they're igniting the
00:42:33| happy neurons yeah I would the happy neurons someone give me that please end it now well what kind of what didn't say and did say at the same time so what I've read is that um I'm you're
00:42:51| something sure you or anytime you imprint something to memory something emotional something you really liked your first kiss we always go back to that first this your brain fires off all
00:43:02| these runs and creates new ones or new connections not new your ons new connections right and it's this hot pathway I imagine it's pretty in my brain I'm seeing it as like a hot
00:43:12| pathway it's a super why it's new it's like fresh it's beautiful you can go back to it at any time but when you go back to to remember something I think they said that you end up having to go
00:43:24| down their same pathways again and read like those connections in doing so you have to recreate the proteins so what I read was that um in recreating the proteins
00:43:38| you almost rewrite the memory every time you remember it so that the more you remember something really old you actually kind of change it a tiny tiny bit which I think was crazy so the more
00:43:52| you remember something the more you change it that's like the first memory you make probably needs to be remembered and even how many yeah how many times do you realize or something till it's not
00:44:02| actually right and then when you sleep things get rearranged right there's like a yeah and it's like defrag let's deep-fry some computers defrag some brains
00:44:13| yeah send that what happens we were going to touch on with the hippocampus Oh sleepy oh yeah we go sleeping come back to hippo I'm also so sleeping their limbs when
00:44:31| you are wait right you don't have as much plasticity as a kid does but obviously you have some plasticity because you're learning and you interactive environment and whatever so
00:44:41| you have these neurons that are using their little dendrites here right and they're making more of these little you know little things here and then they're trying to connect it to other neurons
00:44:52| and yeah you have a lot of these like access a little like like little stubble things at the end of your neurons right to try and talk to other ones and then what actually one speaker that came to
00:45:06| speak at i/o was saying that sleep actually turns away some of these excess like little connections yeah right and because if you just can build lis more and more and more right that's not
00:45:23| so a good thing true youth growing yeah and you kind of lose the importance of the was a election really care about so sleep actually like they're taking a deep fried that's it right you can they
00:45:34| keep the ones that that seem to be most important and that's why they say that if you're studying for something it could help if you study it right like twenty minutes or a half an hour before
00:45:47| you go to sleep and then just sleep on it right because you had just activated those neurons in those pathways and then your brains emit no like this is important it was just on so it's going
00:45:58| to keep that get all the rest interesting because the rest you know earning I would say I read and is common knowledge I believe reading something alone is one good way to remember
00:46:11| something but it's also good to throw another connector on it already is one of my own terms from earlier whether that's a sense when I played music role visually sure or draw making some act
00:46:28| every time you remember those facts much harder especially it was by a woman wearing all leather and everything it's the team you yeah yeah and you were like neurons fire 150 mile-an-hour sir
00:46:44| I made them whatever but um but the more ways you can connect a piece of information even if you recite it out loud so that's auditory and verbal you write it down you're actually physically
00:46:58| writing it down you're committing it to different senses the same information you were just reading and I think that's a good way to it helps with recall I believe so the onic isn't it using
00:47:10| different a little Buzzard right but even if you were yeah yeah okay I approved good agreed I agree you agree agree hmm well does anyone know when you start making
00:47:23| memories okay like why I'm just gonna blow you away yeah what I like to this is is it visit in 20 weeks it's all the spread in 20 weeks you start how do you know that
00:47:43| like words I don't know I have some three studies that said it okay three studies is enough for me I don't ask questions you could probably do something with sound right because
00:47:55| babies can hear oh maybe you could we had a teacher who said that um was wife is pregnant his favorite show was The Simpsons and he would watch it and then when his like child was born I guess it
00:48:15| was too busy to watch it and then like an eight months old like he just happened to it was on TV on Fox or whatever we're not affiliated uh panniers not related Fox Fox Enterprise
00:48:25| Fox and these subsidiaries he got really to Fox but the Simpsons came on and uh he's like childlike look like no like it was like really into the theme song he was like we still watch that all the
00:48:40| time use Pregnant's maybe might they might what it I have no idea hmm I forget I don't care so I got a couple other words the days guys so the word of the day earlier I
00:48:57| forget it so I have a new one let's let the something ID I didn't write it down I forget lethargy that's what you want is logo now Mia we go Logan omnia it's an obsession with
00:49:12| trying to recall a word you forgot Alfa I forget the word for it have these relics outs make you so mad like when most nights ended like 12 hours a lot of cocaine you know when like you you lose
00:49:51| your train of thought kill the neurons just moving farther more like they're dancing around what the word is and there's their mess with you at that point yeah I read a study
00:50:04| that says when that happens to you it's because there's actually logged in too many things are firing at once and they all get caught up and no one knows what the right information to go throw is so
00:50:13| as time passes your brain relaxes and goes and does other things and that's why sometimes 10 18 hours 5 days later you shoot up in the middle might be like plugging on the end like this shout the
00:50:27| word because it finally came to the service well what gets me is how do you know that that's what it was right as some like it's like you kind of created the
00:50:38| memory then you forgot and there's sort of match that happens that is like unequivocally what it was did it's fact I guess maybe because it's a fact like that's a fact like well you're like if
00:50:51| it was an opinion that came to the surface and you were like yep that was it I guess she would never know but who forms really was loggin omnia or whatever then you know that's the word
00:51:02| their enemy well but sometimes you try and you try to a conversation with somebody right and you had I've never done this but it's something you had just conjured up
00:51:25| right so it's not a fact it's something that you had thought of and I guess you had like a temporary hold on it right and the jack you kept it somewhere and then went to the back I guess it
00:51:37| bothered you enough that you paid attention to it and it became a long-term memory I mean when you think about it the things we think of as long-term memories is like my childhood
00:51:46| home when I was six but also isn't anything you remember for more than one minute a long-term memory yes I don't know I really did because then you won't remember it in like three
00:51:59| days I guess is that because it doesn't is there an area between short-term and long-term where your brain decides what's important what's not and how to
00:52:09| use it yes that's the end I Andrew will she ask the creators of inside out for that one it's an unpaid or word I've decided we've trademarked it what's the word no but we're us a memory between
00:52:25| short-term and long-term it's we're not something you have in your brain and it's very unsure whether it's useful or not I like it you like it and then one says long-term it's not bad so talk
00:52:45| about forming new memories you kind of touched on that a little bit you know you got some info well I like so I'm interesting stuff so the hippocampus is like right in the middle of the brain on
00:52:56| both there's like the right side and left side and though yeah and then yes exactly the right side is creative and imaginative and the left side is for math facts and other kind of like proofs
00:53:16| so they say it's anyway posted over here yeah that's the Wikipedia article you can argue with that as much as you want yeah maybe yours but I don't I think I
00:53:31| think some people are kind of hit or miss alone okay so I'll say that isn't true you know the one thing that is interesting is that the hippocampus is right in the middle
00:53:46| so it kind of like it might act as like a transfer between the two sides so when they took out Henry mOLAISON hippocampus the sides could communicate you couldn't make okay that makes sense
00:53:57| I also think just it creating memories doesn't mean it is solely responsible for the memory so much as all the part of the brain could work together to create something and the hippo
00:54:08| maybe combines it and then sends it out wherever I look aware of wherever you know it's uh the when you comment is that we're gonna find Y in there listen this is the first on Pender's what we
00:54:23| heading of Atari right here so I was going to break out the good stuff okay good well not that one just send some over hey Shay you should have thought of this at a time I never buy
00:54:36| wine I had an extra like $11 $13 and also if I'm living the good life I'll buy red wine and I bought it because I was gonna mother's day when drank it and mmm guess what
00:54:50| so the special day here the tidbits I was getting towards I'm sorry I which kind of proves Joanna's point is that so cures for epilepsy for the one guy they removed his hippocampus but for children
00:55:03| since they're so plastic sometimes they may weigh a hemispherectomy and they'll remove an entire side of the brain and the brain will actually compensate right I've actually heard these studies now
00:55:15| did they 100% recover and they have emotional a normal human beings okay thank you thank you I don't know if they're a hundred percent but they're close enough now remember all the little
00:55:28| Facebook art that going around I call facebook art emails it's like popular science but not real science that says like if you like art you're left brained oh the right side of
00:55:41| your brain will only do that hahaha but it's not 100 centro it's kind of like you use more you're right for one thing but you need both sides your brain you use more left for this but you don't
00:55:54| mean does anyone have any settlement mmm you do for brain work that I just put it's bullcrap right what the whole like left right yeah no I mean you could definitely transfer things from one to
00:56:12| the other okay but like if I draw a painting I only use them left side in my brain like that all right no no because I mean using a whole lot
00:56:20| of things into motor skills I mean is artistry there's imagination right here like a vision in some sense where you're you're visualizing something in your mind is there anything
00:56:35| that we do whether it's mathematics that's focused entirely in one part of the brain or is it all kind of spaced out but parts of the brain become more active so there are speech centers okay
00:56:53| that called actually did know this for awhile I was burning keys area those Broca's area Broca's area okay so they're usually lateralized to to one side of the brain right stroke in that
00:57:12| region you know that that's what this little very well when you have a stroke is it always one side of the brain or is its chance it could be anywhere I don't know this I didn't study I don't know
00:57:24| and then just sound stroke and then not even I didn't realize it because it could be and you know some part the brain you don't even use like that like you know don't need your hip your
00:57:35| mediate on the other's neck from the animators gone easel good they also said that people who had like hearts they'd have little like mini strokes so they have a like plaque and platelets
00:57:51| though and move around and then get into their brain and then stick so they have a memory fog after heart surgery couldn't I just be a memory bug I don't think it's from the anesthesia because
00:58:03| they said it lasted longer so it's kind of like okay it's like mild damage throughout the brain so they just couldn't remember like a whole wide variety of things yeah you send word of
00:58:18| the lives to the podcast people often think man I was drinking so hard then I did I forgot everything dude bro clink you know not true mm when you're extremely inebriated you actually don't
00:58:35| have the ability to create new memories really so it's not that you forgot you didn't create enough memory thing to happen you just never so you know what freaks
00:58:46| me out these drugs called em mystics where they use them but I mean what so if you're getting surgery right it's kind of like sedation in a way we're not sedated it's like an ambien you're still
00:59:04| a toilet you can buy right I've never actually used it ever see anyone on it right but it's like if you could be getting a surgery and you're in a surgery where I was wait but I don't
00:59:16| remember any of it yes her name I had a hernia surgery yeah Osen I did it clone it at Twilight I don't remember the name of the actual drug but the class I think I think that's called an amnestic don't
00:59:31| quote me on that and yes so so you don't look you can't create memories your only existing and like these like in microseconds that we were talking about right but you don't actually do anything
00:59:50| freaks me out yeah you feel all that shit freaks me out because they were going to do that to me when I had shoulder surgery and all I'm thinking is I don't care if I don't
00:59:59| member is so horrifying to see I'm gonna be there and like I can't could get my head get my head around its all being like yo dude you're really drunk he's like what's up come on man that's my
01:00:14| shoulder let it go like that kind of them yeah I see myself is crumble I think I'll pick them all top and chin just like you would remember it I guess everyone else they'd all start talking
01:00:39| after the surgery teachers here fall apart when we were coming here together oh it's spring do doctors do that what Oh big funny you I'm sure they do go do you think they make funny you're
01:00:55| like Peter or anything like that she ality yeah welcome to the wait the age of information speaking of the age of information have you guys come across anything about how our brains are
01:01:25| changing now that we have Google Thank You Google now where they came across it's on your brain is really smart even if you're not your brain is smart enough to realize there's a lot of things if
01:01:36| you just Google I can google a distance to the moon I can google a phone number per place Google so many things like that that are that's a chunk of knowledge it's information you just got
01:01:47| one neuron firing in the same direction no no no that's I mean to memorize a phone number or the distances you need to have to connect neuron do you remember ever have our
01:01:56| numbers from when you're a kid I do but that's because I grew up with it that's true I can say any one thousand five three three eight eight nine three I can tell you
01:02:05| Hanks 2 3 3 2 2 O 4 9 I can tell you dance number so four two two six one eight and favorite seven for five nine nine four seven if I tell you a lot but anyway interesting now
01:02:19| that we're in the age of Google and you have this stuff that you can Google within one second it can be of Internet most people's brains are actually not even bother to hard-code these this
01:02:30| information people are becoming dumber all that stuff that's not important to them which is like I said a lot of these information the numbers phone mr. smart you know why right you're using you're
01:02:42| using the information to build other neurons I get it I'm not against it it's just interesting I'm calling it the Google Information Age TM trademark on banners tropical we're not building a
01:02:58| lot of the same neurons I people I read one study now it was the Huffington Post reported it having posted to do the work but they reported that our attention spans to MIT and it's lower on average
01:03:10| than it was 20 years ago I have no clue what they base it on I'm not sure if it's correct but it sounds like it could be correct I believe it you know when you watch TV it's like if they keep
01:03:22| things on oh my god camera cuts I'm like I need a cut we need to go to a close-up someone space we need a fast motion shot you ever watch over like a really old movie with like one of the classics
01:03:37| they're like I said I wasn't Marlon Brando but uh the guy who did chim chiminey chim chiminey chim chim Tarrou that guy I forget his name you watch any of those movies or like the grass is
01:03:50| good in Spain or whatever he says I get the line don't quote me on this but if you watch these old movies it's like blurring because like the cameras only command up the whole scene thank you
01:04:02| like I didn't know its dad to google it I love dick like those old movies you watch them and you're like Jesus Christ up the whole sea it's like it's a room where they're all talking point eight
01:04:16| minutes and they'll be like four camera cuts and you're like okay you're still talking you get it but it's weird that's until cinema is gone you can't achieve it
01:04:27| you need more cuts you need in flashes of light change of sounds what's interest what's interesting though is that it's not because unbecoming Dumber those camera cuts are interesting each
01:04:39| cut has its own information related every there's a reason for them you can't just do them at random guarantee me hmm so it is a useful device it is a informative thing a good piece of medium
01:04:53| it's just it's hard to watch old movies that reason that I know I was like what what do you know Nick he forgot what is [Laughter] never finished Sammy Jenkins's Jenkins's
01:05:28| story though so the the memento guy was that he he couldn't remember anything new so his wife stricken with guilt she made him give her insulin doses to test whether he actually had it or not and
01:05:45| she ended up overdosing on it because she made me date okay not you right she thought he was faking it yeah for the audience who described this well enough yeah we're gonna have to cut
01:05:57| everything we did guys didn't do this right we do so she thought he was faked so to prove it she said Sammy it's time for my insulin and he would say okay and then give her insulin shot he was very
01:06:10| good at it because he had done this before his memory issue and then like 15 minutes later he was watching TV laughing like an idiot she said Sammy it's time for my insulin
01:06:19| anyway ha ha ha and he went and gabriel in' and like now like one more could kill her and she was like Sammy I've lancelin he went they might engage give her the insulin and she thought he was
01:06:31| taken but three four or five times later he's older on yeah she let it happen so she thought he was faking right but the assumption is if he weren't making it he wouldn't be so committed as
01:06:47| he obviously killed his wife the interesting part was reading about this is that memento that story of the wife the wife didn't actually exist from this is what someone wrote on website so the
01:07:08| wife didn't actually exist and he was inserting his own wealth by killing his own wife into the story I had to say that just because it was hold on so you're saying the Mentos story is based
01:07:18| on the guy is Sammy Jenkins it killed his wife in the story that we were told is someone else and then he made up a fake life to give them purpose in life that were you saying this is too
01:07:29| confusing to explain but yes yeah you're a premium member you can get the link to the website that I read there you go so do you guys know what I think is the coolest memory issue transient global
01:07:50| amnesia but we all share the same level amnesia you guys I was so late on that one side we try it again in three one two three transitional amnesia we'll do it around um you know that is I
01:08:13| had no idea you tell me I just got yelled at what I couldn't hear oh that's good it's better than feeling yeah yeah oh she's Lapham she's gonna make sure he remembers it just
01:08:28| remember and not a good note that's fine transient global amnesia is where you're like really made your girlfriend and like you forget where you live and you end up just like wandering the streets
01:08:42| and people are like what's wrong with you that you're like Who am I I don't know who I am can I get a job here can you pay me you know that's how it starts we know really
01:08:52| it's where you forget yeah temporary amnesia they show I need you in the movies and believable people use I don't know where to our reasoning for why they committed the crime they
01:09:01| did alright they prescribed but it's very it's not very hard it's almost impossible to prove it it's of all soap operas and telenovelas though she came as a coma and remembered everything all
01:09:15| our conversations we shouldn't have kissed him to body it was a mistake in the words of Horrible Bosses - marbeth coma boners this thing bathed and they'll just cried
01:09:29| Adele my buddy's detail is that way he's definitely not a damn way too attractive that a Charlie day and we go to the sci-fi area of things for the last bit of science I got it right here funny
01:09:48| it's a fact this one hails from Northwestern University 2014 so this is really old news but it's really good news lap 2014 is old news listen you get your page - you'll figure it out Maya
01:10:08| bandmate ryan is alma mater said that the human brain actually has a storage capacity you want to guess what is actually I wanted this fact give me the fact give me a bit anyway look I knew
01:10:20| you wanted it what gigabytes it is it's two and a half million gigabytes that's it five petabytes a petabyte yeah this guy you're a pedo feel this guy's a PETA feel if I ever met one please please do
01:10:47| not anyway you looking it up I wanted to but I someone else do you think that's low or high I thought it was low but someone said it's 300 years of TV at watch three
01:11:07| memories are a hooded like it doesn't seem like a man would take up that much space right so it is a lot they figure it's a lot it's a hell of a lot so our capacity for knowledge is not actually
01:11:19| hindered by the stupid little things we see in a day to day like I don't remember color this friggin wallpaper today and it has nothing to do with my capacity for knowledge like it's not
01:11:30| like we're full I can't fit anymore it's more to do with what my brain finds is important yeah in fact what we discussed yeah bitch Oh what is interesting I
01:11:45| guess the more connections you make the more your mind has to work for refined a file or memory or a piece of information right actually wonder is if there were someone who not only had that perfect
01:12:00| autobiographical memory right but if they had perfect memory for everything ever would they run out and at what age would they stop getting new memories because they filled up yeah I just like
01:12:15| if you over everything like right and you cost them everything will would what was interesting from this study is it said 300 years of TV at 1080p so how much information can you take in at once
01:12:30| like watching 300 years of TV you can't do in 100 years of being alive you know what I mean three TVs for could you three to eight I don't know but what's scientific are you doing everything in
01:12:46| thirds I don't know yeah you really questioned what you're taking in what you're not taking in what you're remembering what you're not remembering for the record all the best quarterbacks
01:12:57| in the NFL have near photographic memory Aaron Rodgers Carson Wentz I've read our laws and how they it's true well number like the most of the maximum number of plays that are possibilities I don't
01:13:13| have the papers yeah it's one of our past episodes you did Jeanette I did either way Arsen Wentz and Aaron Rodgers both well if you ask them about a play that
01:13:22| happened in high school against the team like hey when you play the Warhawks from you know Mississippi back in May of uh oh six like do you remember when they were in base2
01:13:32| and he'll be like yeah xsplit rayb3rt so coach always says I should go whatever low is like learner and I think I threw a 15-yard dark two tight end so and so yeah they look back to the tape he's
01:13:47| Aundre percent correct so it's crazy to think maybe that's why he's so freaking good or maybe he boils it down to something simple so he can store it for later
01:13:57| maybe but that's a friggin lot of information especially in a physical sport we're moving as you said and he's picturing his palace well I'm gonna throw it to Britney Spears on the horse
01:14:07| and she's gonna carry into the end she's got Cookie Monster I got AK when use in college I don't know okay let me tell you this point got some legs those is a camera name yeah quick shout out your
01:14:29| sponsor of the podcast not don't I don't have to plead that find this that's part of war spell CER and moving on to our next subject as my mine we got yes I'm juicy no I absolutely really crazy I
01:14:52| could hit it it's a would you rather for both of them that's the posit what do you got would you rather this is something crazy yet ever forget another single thing until
01:15:13| the day you died or never remember a new thing ever again I mean it's easy to say I'll never remember a new thing ever again like that's what I initially thought the more I thought about dub
01:15:25| never forget a single thing until you've done like loose my roses are still alive probably see a lot of them done I the negative part of life is on the second well there's a funny thing that
01:15:40| happens when you forget something were livid like you can kind of forget it if you let it fade I'm losing a loved one losing loves losing live stuff it's kind of like it hurts but it fades over time
01:15:51| if you were never forgetting a single moment or thing until you were dead you just kept filling up with not knowledge it was like photogenic I'm like oh hold on hold on
01:16:04| so what would you guys that's good any pressure on anyone I thought you're going to go with a retro and adapt and Tarot braid so if you could remember enough nothing from the past to remember
01:16:15| nothing from the future because I would definitely take remember everything in the future cuz you're not really losing anything you just have too many details funny cuz the years before your thirties
01:16:24| are your best years you just remember your worst years good job it is a dream detail do you have retrograde is that is that what this is I don't know I forget it
01:16:34| Johanna would you like to offer an answer oh you know I mean point is I think about the negative half all the time like some of your best days haven't been big in life so what I would like to
01:17:01| think that there's going to be a lot of shit but I guess that does down to do you think more good is on the way or bad is a bad forgetting to that's an important part I guess well I'm thinking
01:17:18| I'm thinking about okay they're all bad things will happen but then maybe I will process it in such a way okay all right all right misremembering I'm just letting it I'm
01:17:35| just saying that's what I came up with would probably take remember every thing same page I went the opposite way but that's because I'm your shitty years are coming you know
01:17:47| there Laura no and myself was like a tragic arrow like and the tragic parts still coming oh oh I think oh I had I had a twist on that one like the would you rather go ahead so if you could
01:18:00| remember everything but you didn't bring up up with your attic for the podcast Nikki met with the woodies right no I was just emailing so that so it's like either you could remember things in
01:18:17| extreme detail by trading off a portion of your brain so would you give up a portion of your brain so you could remember everything and look at where child yeah how much does it cost me my
01:18:29| talking like you're usually the most useless ability you don't want to give it a speech hey I know you well if it's your most useless ability Danis not a tough question it is if you
01:18:41| have enough memories you want to keep like eventually you run out of useless abilities so let's say I want to keep a thousand memories never had one Bobi to work on painting trim like that's pretty
01:18:51| how to how to paint trim as is not it it is annoying but I think that you would need that information at one point your life how to do your taxes I would eventually throw that away but then like
01:19:02| I do my taxes and they'll get a paper taxes and then I do one more like it's like how to change a diaper because my kids old mom and then I got a babysit I don't know you run into a lot of private
01:19:14| life it's very complex life is complex here are the unpaid errors we think like this complex meter for the record I don't know let's have some sci-fi stuff please do even we all know yeah so like
01:19:30| downloading up uploading knowledge like either what was nature Johnny mnemonic matrix or like altered carbon where you could store your human time finish alter carbon I finished it a nice good job
01:19:42| yeah lately just took you know months so what do you think we're going to add weight or penguin it's better than the last okay okay but there's like that one where so the weirdest stimulus that
01:19:54| happens in that that entire series is there's a fight between him and a clone that keeps cloning yourself and coming out naked and fighting at the samurai sword
01:20:03| well back since I was off yeah that was strangely perverted who was over the top yeah I'm like you know what's weird I have this weird what's the absolute fetish something you don't like I don't
01:20:17| like I don't like naked bodies that land in shards of glass yeah like if it's a clothes person I'm like who cares it's glass but if it's a naked body oh and their private parts are like sliding
01:20:30| from the floor yeah that's a new go that's exactly what that episode was then yeah and she keeps landing in the glass and like she's an air about her body because she's a clone I'm like got
01:20:45| like a cut here that's how I feel watching right I'm not a like so I guess that's what it leads to if you could just re upload yourself into another body would you care about your body at
01:21:08| all probably not if you had enough nope do it I'm not doing it I'd rather die that's something I would say not something you would say he would I would righteousness into a new body he
01:21:28| wouldn't do it I find that high because that's like a damn thing he would do I thought I was wrong I'm always afraid there'll be two of me and then I won't know what to do
01:21:36| with myself the weird thing to me is like if you copy the information like what is you write if you copied information about you any worse a clone again to be come
01:21:55| back to the memories okay you could piece on that Hank there's a way Vsauce that which one that every five or six years like the makeup absolutely different projects Cystic yeah but your
01:22:11| brain doesn't write so that's a no I thought your brain cells are all different - no brainer so is this true I actually know the brain neurons you make as a youth stay forever yes I said brain
01:22:33| neurons but like you know you're the doors that you have that you're born with and that you make us you're a kid then the fuse undergone then there is some debate now about neurogenesis in
01:22:46| the hippocampus but actually a couple months ago there were two papers that came out that we're kind of contesting the idea of neurogenesis at the campus and so at best it's a hotly debated
01:22:57| topic at worst it's not true at all you cannot remain nerves in your brain and everything else and the hippocampus is the one area where they think that there could be neurogenesis in humans there
01:23:09| there is in mice they're not sure in humans and there are some studies that seem to be promising for humans but then there was one that should be worried whatever the whole thing and they think
01:23:22| that if there is neurons in the brain then they think that having less neurogenesis has to do with maybe depression or it would have to do with Alzheimer's right because the problems
01:23:38| yeah so you have some bugs you don't have enough and then exercise could stimulate neurogenesis I heard this on a podcast the neural whatever right drop it into your pockets nor on their dander
01:23:52| on-air podcast yeah so if you so if that's not true right then there's just like tons and tons of labs are out of business right so people have a lot of impatient I do google it and it is right
01:24:11| that your brain does not return so all the cells in your body are new but those are makes visa your whole nervous system does not turn over your peripheral nerves can we
01:24:27| but now the central nervous yeah so like it takes a long time but but they can so if you have some mild nerve damage from whatever the next hand come back hmm didn't know this interesting stats yeah
01:24:43| this is the stuff quick memory plus memory - this one's real easy this was a super stat related detriments to memory in general short-term long-term all term spatial stress lack of b12 no sleep
01:25:03| drugs and infections bad we can all agree on it we right here at the offender's s a memory as I took after I didn't almost infection bed and don't go to sleep right now I was told to go to
01:25:20| sleep that 20 minutes ago Oh memory pluses I have a plus a lippies paper exercise physical exercise though that makes sense but we'll come back to it totally mentally active socialize
01:25:37| regularly like do a podcast it sounds like it's a good idea diet balanced a balanced diet a diet in parentheses fan attrition nutritional nutrition thank you but maybe someone here can tell us
01:25:56| how exercise could actually go through memory because I'm not saying well that's what I was telling you about wouldn't be campus right so they think that exercise can help promote the
01:26:09| secretion of this this long COO called BDNF so brain derived neurotrophic factor big big deal dragon mm-hmm sorry I'm just coming up with all these acronyms and I had no I'm not gonna say
01:26:37| one there anyway so so there's what this exercise they think promotion solution of this this factor right which then is potent for stimulating this neurogenesis so the
01:26:56| generation of these new neurons and having more neurons in the campus seems to help with with memories but now enough I mean you have some more neurons right to create new memories and you
01:27:09| also have more neurons that can help with going back to the hour ago these neural ensembles right so um and they helped they also help with pattern separation so if you the hippocampus has
01:27:24| a lot a large role in discriminating between two similar things and as we get older it's tougher to discriminate between let's say like one kind of Apple versus another right like a picture of
01:27:38| one so if you're presented with a whole bunch of flashcards of different objects right younger people will be able to differentiate between two similar things better than then older people with the N
01:27:52| said earlier I guess almost like we so we have a word for apple we have a symbol for Apple like as you're younger you might not have that symbol so ingrained in your brain I mean you say
01:28:02| Apple when you're one-and-a-half years old and a half years old you think this is an apple is this an apple on it the pre an apple it's green it's free this one's got a friggin shiny spot you just
01:28:13| one's got a friggin stem like you know if you're from New York sorry yeah you say like yeah they're all different but are they as an adult we've come to make shortcuts so that this is our Apple
01:28:23| ideal this is our whatever ideal this is our idea of this yeah boom we move on it's quicker so we don't have to so we don't probably don't recognize the differences make sense but but having
01:28:36| more neurons in this campus also gives you more neurons to participate in this pattern separation so you have more of these different groups of neurons right then you have more opportunity to be
01:28:49| able to differentiate right so it you have more of this neurogenesis and it could help with learning so exercise will beat more neurons which leads to
01:28:58| better pattern separation and better learning yet things like that now what um when you exercise you also can really serotonin that you release a lot of stuff I mean there sir I guess I
01:29:12| mean that could be dopamine rights is involved with you what I noticed um that is a fact of life with heavier people don't want to work out out of shape people because you're heavier it's
01:29:27| harder to work out and probably get less dopamine and serotonin from working out your brain doesn't like it your body doesn't like it it's harder to work out because you're physically heavier and
01:29:39| your body's not used to it the more in shape you become we've saved released more dopamine in 1770 excuse me and you have receptors or your body feels it better because it's a smaller man I
01:29:51| don't know I was really being curious I've no idea I really don't know um that's my area of expertise to comment on in an intelligent fashion I mean my guess is that psychology that goes into
01:30:12| working as well and it's physically hard and I used to but your body's not conditioned to it's alright jacked evasion energy to even you know start and then your body hurts you might feel
01:30:27| judged I mean right so oh no what we're saying is um yeah there and it's sad there in exercise the other thing is I believe I've read several studies that say sex feels better when you're in
01:30:41| better shape right like people were obese and orgasm hate to use that term yeah sure any one is that again comes late again I think they actually received less
01:30:55| pleasure from orgasming because their body's not in shape it doesn't feel good versus someone who's like totally jacked and they get off they feel and I think it's somewhat related I
01:31:10| don't know that it is I'm just saying it might be it's all I'm saying he just study you wanna be part study I do parents well I've gained 15 pounds of my son way
01:31:25| they eat all his food that he never eats because I have to order it he doesn't eat it anyway and then I ate my food and I paid for the food so I'm gonna eat all my food so the Momo mr. Richie all that
01:31:38| food right I called dad wait and then if we go somewhere and he wants something and I make it he doesn't eat the whole thing I can eat it because somebody made that namely me okay so I've gained like
01:31:53| start having sex those keep a log yeah you gotta give your girl give your girlfriend a survey don't worry about this how do you think that actually felt ninety-one ten nine I'll write him up
01:32:12| anyway that's we're gonna have to end this discussion and gonna finish up memory folks we're gonna finish up memory anything else anyone didn't bring up that they would like to bring into
01:32:23| the light here and bring it into the daylight cuz the only one who's really really sure genetic memory so a game like a assassin totally your sex game yeah Assassin's Creed talks about how
01:32:37| you encode it in to your own genes so that you remember kind of like a and nature versus nurture I thought that was kind of bullshit it does seem like bullshit but it is interesting would
01:32:48| like without any input would you be able to navigate the world and understand it so for the podcast if I was my great-grandfather was a sailor when grandfather was a sailor a
01:33:00| great-great great-grandfather was a sailor you play so you please yeah see Cathie's but my father was not a sailor and he never told me about sailing and I suddenly somehow found myself at the
01:33:12| helm the ship could I sail better than the average person what do you think the answer is I have no idea probably not maybe I mean instinct is like evolution right so that's not quite but tomorrow
01:33:32| so I guess the closer you get to genetic memory so epigenetics your environment can change your DNA it won't give you the genes it's going to change the markers on the way their DNA test yes I
01:33:53| don't don't love this and it's like Scott Kelly he's got Scott Kelly was up in space for a long time and they see a chance expressed differently than his twin brother on earth I think that has a
01:34:04| lot to do with the Gammage out there really fine wasn't confessed by gravity it was weird that's all that's great that he did good god bless ya and then there's the
01:34:15| increasing evidence that you can pass kind of thing along to your offspring I mean obviously those changes have to be made in your sperm and eggs right to get passed down but sure
01:34:27| well widow soon well loosen my sperm eggs alright just boy it doesn't today I buy free-range eggs books podcasts cross those barriers Nick crossing is there anything out I was like yeah leading out
01:34:56| often but not too long ago that's expensive and I will keep eating eggs this time so that covers it i my whole sheep top to bottom yes that's it that's all we got that's it folks I hope you
01:35:14| remembered check out the unpaid or xyron and check out the deer on air I said it right that time thanks to you thank you do you like that no this was a great discussion I hated
01:35:31| it I'm really sorry that's name one I was anyway you know it really wasn't that important Oh last question oh my god do you guys think the brain is
01:35:48| fractal and surface area mmm Frankle you guys do fractals in that Lee keeps holding in and like right but being surface area I'm talking well like I feel like as more surface
01:36:03| area than anything else like that's why it's crinkled and folded in oh well the surface area is that important I know I did something mhm hey that's a surface area of the
01:36:15| brain is a one square meter I didn't come across I literally develop this up fractal but it's folded so it gets a bit more so maybe you're the neocortex right that you were talking about that's only
01:36:31| like on average two millimeters six maybe two point five yeah it's only like twice the thickness of a mouse neocortex but there's a lot more of it obviously there's a lot more surface area and it's
01:36:45| all folded on itself so you could pack a lot more in there which then also gives you more opportunity for different kinds of connections right cuz they're all kinda folded in on it right right so
01:36:55| maybe fractals maybe I'm right bring it down folks we'll take it anyway folks everyone listen at home and are you're waiting for this but we all like when I like it you a lot a lot thanks
01:37:15| for tuning in next week we're going to talk about the opposite of the brain good night well the other brain yep
00:00:20| get your waiver signed and come back yeah go listen to some tinier podcast isn't here we've also dan you're an employer you cannot use this populist against employees only because it's for
00:00:34| infotainment that's for fun entertainment purposes only and nothing can be used against us in court of law mm-hmm so would you say we do here again I'd like to fit in the groove and just
00:00:47| flow yeah it out new conversation let it rip couple old friends just going over some really interesting stuff so why you tuned in enjoy thanks that's all right there we go we did over here
00:01:05| yeah I'm Dan we're folks I'm Nick and we've especially already yeah that's okay well we're out to run with it yeah Johanna from neuron air oh yeah you got a plug in yeah yeah you got it gonna
00:01:28| throw a little you know yeah we do the neuron air things I listen to it up actually you know when this episode comes out I think ours might finally launch plug from oh look for it folks
00:01:47| today episode we - big moment right here there's something I'm gonna say about it but it's funny I forget ah we do an episode on dem Emory and Emory loss I think or something like that
00:02:08| uh-huh I always forget how to start these things I forget everything yeah there there's a forget - no there's no there's a rhyme and a reason so there's a flop
00:02:17| there is so I get got any clarifications Corrections you last time what we talked about ourselves did we say anything wrong I did I claimed that I was apprehended by law
00:02:29| enforcement this is not true my son was like anyone the future employers was saying I was never apprehended by law enforcement and I was never given any citations ever here sorry as a power
00:02:42| patient was a joke never got that ticket for inebriation didn't happen so you didn't go did you go jail and him they put you the back of the car though right I didn't have any there that's it no I
00:02:55| did not drink beer in the open shirt listen get drunk in public didn't add it there were no witnesses right never happened right and if I said it in a podcast doesn't mean anything if I
00:03:08| witnesses er this dude was only over 40 a Superbowl beer I thought this for the Superbowl and I never got around to drink it and it's been in the fridge for well I can tell you when it expired
00:03:21| March with it and we're gonna dump it so why not you know what I mean special occasion special occasion doing the podcast let's see how expired 40th Miller High Life tastes I'm action shot
00:03:36| so if there are no witnesses remaining then it never never really happened right tastes like the Super Bowl huh this for me it's pretty good yeah good no no right here in photo ha your
00:03:54| whereabouts we go way back where uh I guess what's your background because we need to meet make you legitimate right yes what's your history did okay so my background
00:04:19| degrees of biomedical engineering my bachelor's then also a master's then I was a technician for five years in the lab that did research on developmental neuroscience and so how the brain
00:04:38| develops all the way from we actually did work on stem cells on embryonic stem cells to see how the human brain develops and then I came to Albert Einstein College of Medicine to get a
00:04:53| PhD so now the neuroscience PhD students and I'll be finishing my fourth year in August slice qualified yeah definitely qualify it's going to give up no I'm already qualified trust me when I say
00:05:09| that the GED or higher you were ready for the other hand actually you've surpassed our expectations and we're actually pleased to have you here I wasn't sure at first until I heard that
00:05:20| now I'm sure well it's got to feel real good to say Albert Einstein school was cool medicine Albert Einstein medicine I heard it yeah you know it sounds it sounds good because people know the name
00:05:40| right actually I'm so check out Rockefeller University which is like I guess it's higher ranked I guess overall for for our PhD was more esteemed you know there's Nobel laureates there but
00:05:59| people haven't heard I'm actually none of us to me they've heard of walk together was obviously so that's my walking run mind yeah no argument doesn't hold anyway
00:06:09| holy but these people have heard of Albert Einstein right so it's good guy crazy here right where I sign lower your t-shirts and stuff and look cool today II you're currently going there yes
00:06:28| August if you're a bigot penalty vampire time I finished my fourth year in August how many years is the PhD um yeah you you just keep going several okay yeah it could be it could be seven could be
00:06:47| eight then they kick you out like get the F are you tired of again no no things are finally starting to kind of come together so I'm tired of it kind of in the wrong the wrong job because this
00:07:06| this kind of goes for my whole life is basically a permutation of whatever I'm doing now so and then didn't you do like body harvesting or something three summers at a human tissue bank uh-huh
00:07:25| was that like that like people who have died by accident or people who dedicated their bodies to science or whose tomb is up there so people will come to hospitals and then they will speak to
00:07:42| the families and ask if they are willing to donate bone skin cartilage ever get a whole cadaver some tendons you just say the whole thing and that'll check in before yeah well you know they they
00:08:00| would give full arms in a hole legs I mean I the whole team the blank is hanging out there and then pull and harvest it and then they would donate the parts and then really interesting
00:08:11| because they would be bone filler for example so let's say you book a bone or you kind of shattered it anyhow always kind of gaps right so then they take bone they take the cells out of it right
00:08:23| so you left with a little the calcium and things like that also the the matrix of it and then they fill it in into the key to your bullshit to the bone graft and you won't reject it there's no cells
00:08:35| Arthur say there's no different type of bone or anything it's just all bones good once it's in it's yeah because it's like that the matrix is the same and then the things that would make you
00:08:46| reject it are things that we'll have to duel with your cells right right so then the immune system would what's called a cellular ization so they take out the cells
00:08:59| what about both animal bones or a different material or can they do that they can do that too bad see even like you know like pink parts and I think they were even looking at using pig
00:09:15| hearts or cow hearts at some people and I don't know how far they got acted not a little person in that but you can also do the same thing that sells out and then we can do is put your cells back
00:09:31| onto that heart right so it rejected yeah so then your cells like you could take stem cells that will make heart muscle and then put that on to the heart and then implanted into you you won't
00:09:46| reject it you know it's just like a different species heart but it should what does find it then that just close well it's weird but it sounds good yeah so what are you using to harvest
00:09:56| this stuff yeah like a like a giant needle a scalpel a little chainsaw or something like how do you hack the body part that he thought the part I'm curious about
00:10:07| yeah so that was yes all this I mean home depot chainsaw but obviously certified one phonetically certified by Dan yeah why not you know so science is like when you're
00:10:26| on the outside and then when you see all like CSI and all these things it looks all fancy you know it's crazy equipment all the colorful liquids and everything and then you get to the lab and they're
00:10:37| using like pliers to pull open a thumb or something and they're like I just got to get it out or like yeah the first you know and then using like like think the paperclip those black slip binders
00:10:53| things you know GG they're like making crap out of anything 20 years right so they just made it work but I was like wow this is not expected at all oh yeah what works more cool painting me
00:11:09| after that well this brings me to the word of the day it's let the Logica less illogical yeah you guys don't use that in every day tournament it God probably says more
00:11:22| about you than me it's in there were four tip of the tongue when something is like I was just I had a name and I couldn't say it it was on the tip of my tongue
00:11:32| good rum in French you may remember the catch-22 it is translated as preska vous or almost seem so something is almost there but you don't quite have it like the opposite of dejan though remember
00:11:49| something that didn't happen well let's press kibou I'm almost Remora timing before any of it happen I love that I did which ties a little bit into memory we can move on to sure sure yeah
00:12:04| how about all sobbing huh anyone know about that also time every time I like hypnosis an unreliable it is no no how unreliable it is it changes them like eye witnesses and cooking the court Oh
00:12:17| eyewitnesses are terrible terrible terrible people eyewitness testimony should be like 30 percent effective I believe it's like 79 time off by even if it's off by the
00:12:29| color of the car or the size of the man or how many people was in the crowd they're all like 70% of time yeah a lot of that's overhead that's being a lot of the did the DNA overturns in the past 10
00:12:41| years or so I think that yeah the stat was 70% of those that were I witnessed or false the DNA proved that they couldn't be there and even like last week there's that one woman who said
00:12:51| those two guys that spent 20 years in prison they didn't really rate me it never happened and those guys were like who I thought I said they were like like hold it people yeah yeah so how is
00:13:03| something so important memory we use it every day I believe it pretty much is the main component of our identity right I mean because there's the way you look but your memories are kind of you circle
00:13:15| back to it go ahead is that a comment so they've done okay one thing about why that happens one is the brain hates a vacuum right so the brain hates just like empty space where
00:13:35| it like it doesn't have like a string of things like a cogent story and logically yeah and so think of like what you're doing right now right there's so many bees you can be paying attention to you
00:13:48| can be paying attention to smells and sights and sounds and all these things right right if you're not paying attention to the cue leave your clothes until somebody says it right but your
00:13:59| brain is constantly processing this in the background and it's not until use that's kind of changing it that's suddenly you're like oh somebody says and so you're only requesting some small
00:14:11| fractions at a time and I may have a naked dream shirt they say short-term memory ranges between 20 and 30 seconds and at any time during short-term memory you're very aware of six to seven to
00:14:28| four different unique Senate recess correct but like there's millions of things in the room with you if you're only really cognizant of six of them for twenty seconds at a time whether it's
00:14:41| how loud my voice is how good-looking my hair is I did get a cut thank you for noticing everyone like several things like that where you guys are on the screen and then like three more things
00:14:51| and then I've stopped paying attention to everything on this desk this Miller highlight how cold cold and delicious it is so you're saying you're not processing it you're igniting there I'm
00:15:02| up most of this stuff around me because of short-term memory we don't have room for all that stuff right now yeah there's no meeting you know forget it but so interesting that they've done
00:15:13| studies and they've actually tried to implant false memories into people and have succeeded they've actually succeeded convincing people that they know when they're five East yet that
00:15:32| that's like babe they were lost in a shopping mall or something and some elderly person brought them back and renamed the family and like a certain percentage of people just convinced that
00:15:45| this study like 80% of people were able to be tricked into believing that something happened right right right you could easily sway people so back to the I mean this thing right you could
00:15:56| kind of lead them to believe with keywords and things like that that this happened or that exactly like lawyers are the bad guys you heard it here on the on banners
00:16:05| first a lawyer led all these witnesses to believe their own eyewitness testimony and they are the bad people so I agree with you yeah that's not what I said all my
00:16:23| lawyer friends young felony you could give reality I forget what the life sentence no they you know the next well yeah I did them something about that we were just so you're talking about the
00:16:38| basis of what makes up a human and if you have no memory what does it what is a human yeah I guess your looks I have a feel that a with that but you know my goodbyes with having no intelligence
00:16:51| mm-hmm I mean my god I have both yeah no actually it was to a littler what we were just talking about so we're being bombarded with sensory stuff at all
00:17:03| times right and possibly sensory memory discards about 90% of what's hit with it you know I don't remember the color of the wall when I turn to my left and we were just discussing that stuff Oh
00:17:15| sensory memory anything you give attention to pulses a short-term memory that's where most of the now is going on in your brain I saw this really cool graph I wish I could show you guys and I
00:17:26| almost drew it but maintenance rehearsal might have been the name of the craft anyway your short-term memory is going on right here that short-term memory stays there and then if it's unattended
00:17:37| like it's something like I was paying attention to but the cold of this beverage if it's not important to me it'll be lost but if it is important or it's tied to a
00:17:46| memory or something like that it gets encoded it's a long-term memory so anything in long-term memory does have to pass through short-term memory they say C which I kinda interesting did
00:17:56| you come across any of the memory tests that have about 20 words in a grid and it says yeah too many like you know remind me every their self to the earth how'd you do I didn't do one um well
00:18:07| there's like I see there's 25 and I got like seven and they're out yeah most of my like random until they say that there's categories and they organize them by categories and then the mind is
00:18:18| something a little different where it's not trying to remember the picture is try and remember the category and then once it can categorize things it helps a lot for mnemonics now you're talking
00:18:28| about connection in the mnemonics have you guys I'm guessing through your user do you come across those like the memory championships no I did not oh that's interesting was a journalist right and
00:18:46| they they have memory competitions and it's basically they were saying it's like watching a whole bunch of little to the SATs it's like would be boring but they have like like hundreds of numbers
00:18:59| or something that they have to to memorize when they dude numbers or words that is important I got enough huh they do don't even know how to order in words or what is it it's a whole bunch could
00:19:08| be numbers or words or patterns are like dicks of cars or something in order of Mixel cars and like really seemingly just meaningless things and you would think that these people actually look
00:19:22| kind of savants right there that have some amazing memories but actually when they were tested great that they they were put into a lab and tested for memory they on average don't have much
00:19:34| better memory than most people what they do is they have these mnemonic devices and have you guys heard of the memory palace okay that's another strategy that people use to memorize Thanks and it's
00:19:50| often they say use a house that you're very familiar with so like a child you don't put home and you let's say you want to remember something that is maybe nothing
00:20:05| important right leave it like you like you were saying but you need to know like like for her medical school or something right so maybe your specialty won't be something with a renal system
00:20:18| but you need to learn it to pass your exams right so then you will it make a whole rule about the renal system and then you start associating things with things in the room with with that
00:20:30| information and so one example that this that this guy which I was talking about this journalist was it okay so you you open the door and and on top of a horse you see there's Cookie Monster it he's
00:20:48| eating some kind of cookie and then you go into the living room and there's Britney Spears doing whatever so there are any crazy things you won't get because they're crazy but then they lead
00:20:58| to something else and people you use this strategy to remember stuff it turns out that these memory champion people use that same kind of strategy then I'll finish the story by saying this
00:21:09| journalist got so intrigued that he actually participated in it was kind of training himself out for a year and then won the damn thing either later haha winner winner chicken dinner I'm in so
00:21:23| they're kind of feeding on its of shock and maybe a little bit of maybe emotion so their emotional side of being surprised by something a little bit into it I think interesting is it some with
00:21:34| the neuron anytime you remember something I read that you have to trace the neurons again so it's all these connections it's not one neuron one memory it's a bunch of lines connected
00:21:43| through these neurons so the idea is I think if you can associate a more things with an event or a something you want to memorize you you almost put sticky notes on them so there's a sticky note here is
00:21:55| to get over here the more sticky notes that item has more things you can associate it with more chances that will be picked up by those neurons it has more feelers I don't know is the way I
00:22:04| would explain it like it has more there's more things that's connected to and your brain actually their king yeah these things are called neural ensembles
00:22:14| so there are loops of neurons that fire together musical musical terminology I get a neuron for everyone wondering at home who's been watching for 30 minutes and has no clue that we're talking about
00:22:28| the brain a new front is in the brain there are roughly a billion of them think that it is perfect no is it a guarantee uh-oh she's got a neuron can you show us the synapse well
00:22:55| she's got progress there they round off two to a hundred billion for a hundred billion neurons they actually that's more like 86 billion and you'd think that okay 86 billion a hundred billion
00:23:10| same difference but actually that that is actually the size of a small monkey brains it's actually quite significant even on a monkey brain around a nest let's just travel across these neurons
00:23:26| everyone roughly 150 miles an hour mmm I feel like that's that shoved it in there I got a statu for you I read there like from two years of age to ten years of age you actually lose 50% of the
00:23:40| synapses that your brain initially has from really that's all about strengthening and repurposing of more pathways yeah you're learning a whole a lot when you're when you're a kid right
00:23:54| I saw three two one and so they called neuroplasticity which I think you probably weren't about right which so you know the ability to make all these new connections and but you also have to
00:24:06| prune them back then it's called synaptic pruning and through all these different mechanisms right that some of which are still unknown like your your brain starts to choose that the ones
00:24:17| that that are important and then they say like neurons that fire together wire together so then the here or you have enroll in Samba 'ls you have these memories and if these snows are
00:24:28| firing together which then it starts to strengthen that connection with some strengthens the memory and then it was partly look while you're a kid is very easy to learn things like constantly
00:24:38| making all these different connections and your brain is plastic raised it's you all that and then over time it starts to get pulling back they actually think that potentially autism and on
00:24:52| some leaps crania has to do with too much of too much of these synapses so there's something wrong with these connections that costing us to be kind of autistic and then lastly when it
00:25:07| comes to Alzheimer's you're you have kind of an extreme case of this pruning I'm not sure if it's maybe the exact same mechanism but it could be something similar where your brain starts to prune
00:25:21| back these connections more than it than it should and I mean that's a component of Alzheimer's a lot I understand was that um almost associated with CTE ah like you know that's a hardening of the
00:25:35| brain almost essentially physically I I'm trying to remember I already know she's on the outside of your brain yeah yeah CT it was direct result on neocortex right there was a hardening or
00:25:47| something so that it was almost becoming thicker so people with themselves in the head a lot get it you know classmate of mine is doing a study about soccer players and that their repetitive
00:26:06| headers yeah they do a lot of headers yeah and as people that could be a risk for it even just will not it's probably worth the money let's be honest players on the ronaldo of podcasting I figured
00:26:27| I'd be the Ronaldo of soccer and you're never gonna be an amateur you're just gonna start right at the top right when you start I'm going right to the top coach not doing any headers till I get
00:26:36| the big money not taking any of this bad boy mm-hmm so one of the things mentioned earlier was uh the kids have more neural pathways and they're they're more likely
00:26:46| for mice from what I researched to have photographic memory because I guess there's there's a way that the brain kind of assimilates knowledge and it makes it more understandable but also
00:26:56| more limited so they call photographic memory i eidetic memory so something that you can actually represent exactly they call it perfect recall but as you get older you start to make connections
00:27:08| that are language based or symbol based and you can't recall things perfectly do you have any instances of anyone with perfect recall exact names one second well because I came across I did a one
00:27:25| of those Nova documentaries on memory hey do you know how nobody they do the science like documentaries it was like an hour long they kind of sensationalize it a little bit you know it's like when
00:27:35| you watch one of the space ones they do a lot of space once and they're like this could mean that there are other universes right next door and they go to the next scene and they show you all
00:27:44| those cool graphics it's a little sensationalized but I thought it was really good it was on how the memory works 22:17 documentary anyway it was it starts with
00:27:54| a kid named Jake Hassler he's 11 years old and he has like this like Total Recall like they'll be like what happened May 12 2007 he's like the World Series the Cardinals speak to whoever
00:28:05| like 6 to 2 and they just like ask him out of the blue and they're like who are the starting pitchers and he knew and they've got a lot of studies in this kid and they're really excited because they
00:28:13| have a lot of people with this kind of memory but none of our this young so now they're sticking them on is MRI the big one for looking at the brain magnetic yes oh that that's probably they're
00:28:29| doing all sorts of crazy stuff they found all that it's like active as they are in it is that the function yes see which plating up yeah anyway um it's not called Total Recall there's a scientist
00:28:46| Jim McNown Mackinaw McNall makhni McNall dole them sue me Theon he's doing a study he's trying to find people with H Sam it's called highly superior
00:28:56| autobiographical memory and it's people who get at least 80% of the recall corrects over you know the Corso in 10 would you have for breakfast 18 months ago and to the day they'll get it right
00:29:11| so that's that's like an autobiographical form of memory right sure it's your own it's your own plates Harper hyperthymesia because there's five different types of perfect memory
00:29:22| or near perfect memory ohh-ho-ho mister I just googled it go ahead yeah hyperthymesia eidetic with that of mnemonic savant and then emotional so which one you want
00:29:36| are you gonna are you gonna leave us a few not in there well you tell us all well you give us a quick summary because you've read the entire article you're well versed you're gonna give it to
00:29:44| everyone here hyperthymesia is like autobiographical it's something gonna happen to you you can recall the weather and a certain day because you existed you you were there you would absorb that
00:29:54| information and just store it's an eidetic is the photographic part is the perfect recall mnemonic is what we talked about before it's using different methods to recall information the
00:30:06| savants for the people there like something I've got autistic about them something that's a little bit off hat yeah Matt well they can they can recall information and usually they're damaged
00:30:15| in some way so that it doesn't like the different parts of the brain don't function quite normally and then the emotional side is something like I don't really have a lot on that but it's like
00:30:29| the amygdala so the amygdala provides the emotional stimulus to the brain okay so they can if they fuse memories with emotional status they can recall it perfectly like the if you have an
00:30:39| intense experience then you recall all the details of that really super intense experience don't we do that in general to a lesser extent right yeah if you if you had something traumatic like the
00:30:51| traumatic thing will be imprinted on you forever like you'll be afraid of walking up stairs if someone attacks you while you're on steps but do you remember a specific attacker set of steps all that
00:31:03| stuff you tied together the people they talked about they could remember like the details of the graffiti on the wall like a knife they came at them with like they
00:31:11| actually had perfect recall that that event got another study for ya about motional stuff so you found the case so we were talking a little bit about autobiographical memory right and how
00:31:26| without it if you don't remember what happened yesterday or you know whatever years ago II don't remember what happened in yours bill but you have a sense for it that kind of made who you
00:31:36| are today right but you know philosophically every moment every nanosecond it just pleading right so yeah this a working memory that we were talking about and I remember us talking
00:31:51| about it you know 20 minutes ago because it was important to me so it's you know so there I do not it's planting 40th nana 70 ounces of beer expired beer just a bunch of
00:32:04| nanoseconds over a lifetime what they found that if people were undergoing and actually this is they were undergoing a colonoscopy Thanks and really emotional to the tears
00:32:26| on Nick's face right now is before the anesthesia right so this is when they would do it like just and they had people they had the subject report paint right every every minute right how how
00:32:47| uncomfortable that work right good no yes subject a is subject piece a reported pain I guess for the first part of it but then overall they had less available drove off yeah then he should
00:33:04| be had more consistent paper-wrapped but so in that moment it means like micro you know most of your life he should be experienced more overall he but then when they ask them after the
00:33:19| procedure is some time and then waiting even more months and asking about the procedure they found that patient a actually reported remembering a more uncomfortable experience as opposed to
00:33:29| patient B and it turns out that you cut you remember the worst part and then how it ended right and so patient a like at the end of this whole colonoscopy is really uncomfortable when when it's over
00:33:43| so they remembered like that there was some kind of crescendo right that they were really comfortable and that at the very end kind of sucked whereas for patient B it's like I don't
00:33:54| know think I used to live or something you know it wasn't like some like moment that really sucked and then at the end they were a little more gentle and ending it so even though they experience
00:34:06| more pain in general they remembered again like it goes positive and negative like you remember their really great part and then the end so you want to end on a good note
00:34:17| yeah if you think about an experience right like you could have had a great day and then like at the very end of icily shitty happened and everything it is a shitty day at that point true is
00:34:33| tricky like that hmm I'm just trying to recall all my first dates how awful they were for the moment cuz I couldn't end on good note what's the next what's the next we talk about
00:34:45| Sammy Jenkins I do but you know there's a real one there's a real Sammy so what you're talking about is lament oh yeah maybe can't want it like 14 years don't make new memories so every like six
00:35:04| hours he's like we Japanese like what and then he has to guess that ooze all over his body that remind him of his whole life and he has to try and just go by the tattoos I guess yeah which I hate
00:35:15| good idea you just ate a lot new tattoos like constantly new tattooed that tattoo anyway it's based on a real person in this is named beyond
00:35:29| says 53 he falls off his bike as a kid he hurt a part of his brain and um he was a deaf I am said adept he was getting lots of seizures I blacked it well from from a head injury I'm not
00:35:43| sure if that's have electic related it could be brought on him so he's getting seizures as a doctor at the time was very experimental we did till he's 27 years old so this is 1967 70s and we're
00:35:56| near I'm not good at fobia correction says I can fix him there's a part of the brain called it the hippocampus it's directly related to the seizure Jordan trust me they cut out two-thirds of his
00:36:08| hippocampus put everything back together perfect he was fine no more seizures great only problem is he couldn't make any new memories so every day was like starting over new like the 54 first
00:36:25| dates another common movie I'm sure audiences seen and it led people to finally realize that hey maybe the hippocampus is important in making new memories and to this day I think that's
00:36:38| the leading the leader in the clubhouse leader on the gamma there's nothing you can check anywhere anything about the brain there's not a lot of official information it's very on the leading
00:36:51| candidate the science say right now like everything else especially when it comes to this memory stuff we've all been talking about mm-hmm for the audience it's it's usually a general consensus
00:37:01| more than its fact that correct that the hippocampus does what it's the creating new memories that has to do a lot with like the short-term memory that we were talking about and that kind of filters
00:37:15| into long-term memory and long-term memory is kind of scattered throughout right throughout the brain so okay so what I read or heard or saw in that video like you were just saying
00:37:25| short-term memory eventually becomes long-term memory long-term memory isn't stored anywhere it's like when you remember or your first kiss or the time you fell off your bike or whatever it's
00:37:34| not in one spot in the brain like they don't look and they say hey let's get the let's load up the file and pull it out here's the but like fall over and it's like a little video to the place
00:37:42| it's not like was that sunshine its sunshine we got it what they do is it has to come from different parts of the brain that are all connected by the neurons these
00:37:56| connections are actually formed and physically it's like I want to say they're created via some proteins and all that when they synthesize they synthesize them right I'm pointing you
00:38:07| as you know boarded yeah well when you anytime you create a memory mm-hmm there's a protein synthesis that actually happens correct you know they don't know where Emory's are stored or
00:38:24| how actually then what it looks like the best thing that we have right now it seems is something that would kind of use the hippocampus for example on a mouse so there's this pretty cool study
00:38:39| and through a whole bunch of fancy techniques they could train a mouse to be afraid of a certain kind of box right yeah so so there's they could be conditioned then to be afraid of tones
00:38:59| right because then you could play a sound at the same time cause some kind of pain to that like I'm lighter this I would have liked animals I would return one person yeah she's worse than you but
00:39:24| cats are doing so great so we're talking about a whole emotional link to to memories right so you're you're causing this like fear and this kind of distress responsive and in a
00:39:40| mouse and we do is you can label the neurons that are involved in this particular memory and then you can visualize them and then and through even more fancy techniques you could control
00:39:52| these neurons and basically using light and so you you implant a fiberoptic into the mouse brain I won't get into the whole details of it but basically then you could turn on those particular
00:40:11| neurons and you could have that Mouse feel that fear even when they're not in that box that their condition should be fearful so if you condition the mouse to be afraid of a red box here somewhere
00:40:26| feeling the red box fear even though initially norons and then they won't be afraid of those blue box right then putting the red block us with without the conditioning tone or whatever it is
00:40:41| right and then they'll be afraid you can see them be afraid cause they freeze and you can take them out put them in the blue box where they're usually comfortable and turn a light on you can
00:40:49| reactivate this memory basically that you labeled from these experiments and then you're gonna make them freeze and be afraid of this blue box when normally they have no reason to be afraid of it
00:41:01| so it's going back to what we're saying his neural ensembles right so there's this population neurons are activated during this certain year yeah and by reactivating that ensemble then you're
00:41:20| creating a fear and and recalling it and even you could they were even trying to put two different memories together like stimulating a population neurons have to do with this little box and another
00:41:34| population that had to do with like certain stimulus and the kind of creating a new fear for this Mouse then you know like you're saying there's also things that have to do with protein
00:41:44| synthesis and then the strength of the neurons that are firing together and then the different ensembles and stuff so it's a really complicated question that we're really only two strategies
00:41:53| scratching the surface that work so we only have an idea oh did they do the reverse cuz like I could imagine them like shocking the crap out of a mouse and not be like its
00:42:02| fearful its fearful but like if they didn't touch like the happy like friendly side of the mouse then it's like oh it's just joyfully playing now we're shocking the crap out of it so
00:42:10| like I could see them being like oh yeah definitely conclusions study positive we got it but if they didn't do like the mouse is now happy he's eating his food he's cheerfully
00:42:20| running even though we're shocking him in his in his what red box blue box I don't know which one no that sounds terrible that sounds like something to be happy shocked if they're igniting the
00:42:33| happy neurons yeah I would the happy neurons someone give me that please end it now well what kind of what didn't say and did say at the same time so what I've read is that um I'm you're
00:42:51| something sure you or anytime you imprint something to memory something emotional something you really liked your first kiss we always go back to that first this your brain fires off all
00:43:02| these runs and creates new ones or new connections not new your ons new connections right and it's this hot pathway I imagine it's pretty in my brain I'm seeing it as like a hot
00:43:12| pathway it's a super why it's new it's like fresh it's beautiful you can go back to it at any time but when you go back to to remember something I think they said that you end up having to go
00:43:24| down their same pathways again and read like those connections in doing so you have to recreate the proteins so what I read was that um in recreating the proteins
00:43:38| you almost rewrite the memory every time you remember it so that the more you remember something really old you actually kind of change it a tiny tiny bit which I think was crazy so the more
00:43:52| you remember something the more you change it that's like the first memory you make probably needs to be remembered and even how many yeah how many times do you realize or something till it's not
00:44:02| actually right and then when you sleep things get rearranged right there's like a yeah and it's like defrag let's deep-fry some computers defrag some brains
00:44:13| yeah send that what happens we were going to touch on with the hippocampus Oh sleepy oh yeah we go sleeping come back to hippo I'm also so sleeping their limbs when
00:44:31| you are wait right you don't have as much plasticity as a kid does but obviously you have some plasticity because you're learning and you interactive environment and whatever so
00:44:41| you have these neurons that are using their little dendrites here right and they're making more of these little you know little things here and then they're trying to connect it to other neurons
00:44:52| and yeah you have a lot of these like access a little like like little stubble things at the end of your neurons right to try and talk to other ones and then what actually one speaker that came to
00:45:06| speak at i/o was saying that sleep actually turns away some of these excess like little connections yeah right and because if you just can build lis more and more and more right that's not
00:45:23| so a good thing true youth growing yeah and you kind of lose the importance of the was a election really care about so sleep actually like they're taking a deep fried that's it right you can they
00:45:34| keep the ones that that seem to be most important and that's why they say that if you're studying for something it could help if you study it right like twenty minutes or a half an hour before
00:45:47| you go to sleep and then just sleep on it right because you had just activated those neurons in those pathways and then your brains emit no like this is important it was just on so it's going
00:45:58| to keep that get all the rest interesting because the rest you know earning I would say I read and is common knowledge I believe reading something alone is one good way to remember
00:46:11| something but it's also good to throw another connector on it already is one of my own terms from earlier whether that's a sense when I played music role visually sure or draw making some act
00:46:28| every time you remember those facts much harder especially it was by a woman wearing all leather and everything it's the team you yeah yeah and you were like neurons fire 150 mile-an-hour sir
00:46:44| I made them whatever but um but the more ways you can connect a piece of information even if you recite it out loud so that's auditory and verbal you write it down you're actually physically
00:46:58| writing it down you're committing it to different senses the same information you were just reading and I think that's a good way to it helps with recall I believe so the onic isn't it using
00:47:10| different a little Buzzard right but even if you were yeah yeah okay I approved good agreed I agree you agree agree hmm well does anyone know when you start making
00:47:23| memories okay like why I'm just gonna blow you away yeah what I like to this is is it visit in 20 weeks it's all the spread in 20 weeks you start how do you know that
00:47:43| like words I don't know I have some three studies that said it okay three studies is enough for me I don't ask questions you could probably do something with sound right because
00:47:55| babies can hear oh maybe you could we had a teacher who said that um was wife is pregnant his favorite show was The Simpsons and he would watch it and then when his like child was born I guess it
00:48:15| was too busy to watch it and then like an eight months old like he just happened to it was on TV on Fox or whatever we're not affiliated uh panniers not related Fox Fox Enterprise
00:48:25| Fox and these subsidiaries he got really to Fox but the Simpsons came on and uh he's like childlike look like no like it was like really into the theme song he was like we still watch that all the
00:48:40| time use Pregnant's maybe might they might what it I have no idea hmm I forget I don't care so I got a couple other words the days guys so the word of the day earlier I
00:48:57| forget it so I have a new one let's let the something ID I didn't write it down I forget lethargy that's what you want is logo now Mia we go Logan omnia it's an obsession with
00:49:12| trying to recall a word you forgot Alfa I forget the word for it have these relics outs make you so mad like when most nights ended like 12 hours a lot of cocaine you know when like you you lose
00:49:51| your train of thought kill the neurons just moving farther more like they're dancing around what the word is and there's their mess with you at that point yeah I read a study
00:50:04| that says when that happens to you it's because there's actually logged in too many things are firing at once and they all get caught up and no one knows what the right information to go throw is so
00:50:13| as time passes your brain relaxes and goes and does other things and that's why sometimes 10 18 hours 5 days later you shoot up in the middle might be like plugging on the end like this shout the
00:50:27| word because it finally came to the service well what gets me is how do you know that that's what it was right as some like it's like you kind of created the
00:50:38| memory then you forgot and there's sort of match that happens that is like unequivocally what it was did it's fact I guess maybe because it's a fact like that's a fact like well you're like if
00:50:51| it was an opinion that came to the surface and you were like yep that was it I guess she would never know but who forms really was loggin omnia or whatever then you know that's the word
00:51:02| their enemy well but sometimes you try and you try to a conversation with somebody right and you had I've never done this but it's something you had just conjured up
00:51:25| right so it's not a fact it's something that you had thought of and I guess you had like a temporary hold on it right and the jack you kept it somewhere and then went to the back I guess it
00:51:37| bothered you enough that you paid attention to it and it became a long-term memory I mean when you think about it the things we think of as long-term memories is like my childhood
00:51:46| home when I was six but also isn't anything you remember for more than one minute a long-term memory yes I don't know I really did because then you won't remember it in like three
00:51:59| days I guess is that because it doesn't is there an area between short-term and long-term where your brain decides what's important what's not and how to
00:52:09| use it yes that's the end I Andrew will she ask the creators of inside out for that one it's an unpaid or word I've decided we've trademarked it what's the word no but we're us a memory between
00:52:25| short-term and long-term it's we're not something you have in your brain and it's very unsure whether it's useful or not I like it you like it and then one says long-term it's not bad so talk
00:52:45| about forming new memories you kind of touched on that a little bit you know you got some info well I like so I'm interesting stuff so the hippocampus is like right in the middle of the brain on
00:52:56| both there's like the right side and left side and though yeah and then yes exactly the right side is creative and imaginative and the left side is for math facts and other kind of like proofs
00:53:16| so they say it's anyway posted over here yeah that's the Wikipedia article you can argue with that as much as you want yeah maybe yours but I don't I think I
00:53:31| think some people are kind of hit or miss alone okay so I'll say that isn't true you know the one thing that is interesting is that the hippocampus is right in the middle
00:53:46| so it kind of like it might act as like a transfer between the two sides so when they took out Henry mOLAISON hippocampus the sides could communicate you couldn't make okay that makes sense
00:53:57| I also think just it creating memories doesn't mean it is solely responsible for the memory so much as all the part of the brain could work together to create something and the hippo
00:54:08| maybe combines it and then sends it out wherever I look aware of wherever you know it's uh the when you comment is that we're gonna find Y in there listen this is the first on Pender's what we
00:54:23| heading of Atari right here so I was going to break out the good stuff okay good well not that one just send some over hey Shay you should have thought of this at a time I never buy
00:54:36| wine I had an extra like $11 $13 and also if I'm living the good life I'll buy red wine and I bought it because I was gonna mother's day when drank it and mmm guess what
00:54:50| so the special day here the tidbits I was getting towards I'm sorry I which kind of proves Joanna's point is that so cures for epilepsy for the one guy they removed his hippocampus but for children
00:55:03| since they're so plastic sometimes they may weigh a hemispherectomy and they'll remove an entire side of the brain and the brain will actually compensate right I've actually heard these studies now
00:55:15| did they 100% recover and they have emotional a normal human beings okay thank you thank you I don't know if they're a hundred percent but they're close enough now remember all the little
00:55:28| Facebook art that going around I call facebook art emails it's like popular science but not real science that says like if you like art you're left brained oh the right side of
00:55:41| your brain will only do that hahaha but it's not 100 centro it's kind of like you use more you're right for one thing but you need both sides your brain you use more left for this but you don't
00:55:54| mean does anyone have any settlement mmm you do for brain work that I just put it's bullcrap right what the whole like left right yeah no I mean you could definitely transfer things from one to
00:56:12| the other okay but like if I draw a painting I only use them left side in my brain like that all right no no because I mean using a whole lot
00:56:20| of things into motor skills I mean is artistry there's imagination right here like a vision in some sense where you're you're visualizing something in your mind is there anything
00:56:35| that we do whether it's mathematics that's focused entirely in one part of the brain or is it all kind of spaced out but parts of the brain become more active so there are speech centers okay
00:56:53| that called actually did know this for awhile I was burning keys area those Broca's area Broca's area okay so they're usually lateralized to to one side of the brain right stroke in that
00:57:12| region you know that that's what this little very well when you have a stroke is it always one side of the brain or is its chance it could be anywhere I don't know this I didn't study I don't know
00:57:24| and then just sound stroke and then not even I didn't realize it because it could be and you know some part the brain you don't even use like that like you know don't need your hip your
00:57:35| mediate on the other's neck from the animators gone easel good they also said that people who had like hearts they'd have little like mini strokes so they have a like plaque and platelets
00:57:51| though and move around and then get into their brain and then stick so they have a memory fog after heart surgery couldn't I just be a memory bug I don't think it's from the anesthesia because
00:58:03| they said it lasted longer so it's kind of like okay it's like mild damage throughout the brain so they just couldn't remember like a whole wide variety of things yeah you send word of
00:58:18| the lives to the podcast people often think man I was drinking so hard then I did I forgot everything dude bro clink you know not true mm when you're extremely inebriated you actually don't
00:58:35| have the ability to create new memories really so it's not that you forgot you didn't create enough memory thing to happen you just never so you know what freaks
00:58:46| me out these drugs called em mystics where they use them but I mean what so if you're getting surgery right it's kind of like sedation in a way we're not sedated it's like an ambien you're still
00:59:04| a toilet you can buy right I've never actually used it ever see anyone on it right but it's like if you could be getting a surgery and you're in a surgery where I was wait but I don't
00:59:16| remember any of it yes her name I had a hernia surgery yeah Osen I did it clone it at Twilight I don't remember the name of the actual drug but the class I think I think that's called an amnestic don't
00:59:31| quote me on that and yes so so you don't look you can't create memories your only existing and like these like in microseconds that we were talking about right but you don't actually do anything
00:59:50| freaks me out yeah you feel all that shit freaks me out because they were going to do that to me when I had shoulder surgery and all I'm thinking is I don't care if I don't
00:59:59| member is so horrifying to see I'm gonna be there and like I can't could get my head get my head around its all being like yo dude you're really drunk he's like what's up come on man that's my
01:00:14| shoulder let it go like that kind of them yeah I see myself is crumble I think I'll pick them all top and chin just like you would remember it I guess everyone else they'd all start talking
01:00:39| after the surgery teachers here fall apart when we were coming here together oh it's spring do doctors do that what Oh big funny you I'm sure they do go do you think they make funny you're
01:00:55| like Peter or anything like that she ality yeah welcome to the wait the age of information speaking of the age of information have you guys come across anything about how our brains are
01:01:25| changing now that we have Google Thank You Google now where they came across it's on your brain is really smart even if you're not your brain is smart enough to realize there's a lot of things if
01:01:36| you just Google I can google a distance to the moon I can google a phone number per place Google so many things like that that are that's a chunk of knowledge it's information you just got
01:01:47| one neuron firing in the same direction no no no that's I mean to memorize a phone number or the distances you need to have to connect neuron do you remember ever have our
01:01:56| numbers from when you're a kid I do but that's because I grew up with it that's true I can say any one thousand five three three eight eight nine three I can tell you
01:02:05| Hanks 2 3 3 2 2 O 4 9 I can tell you dance number so four two two six one eight and favorite seven for five nine nine four seven if I tell you a lot but anyway interesting now
01:02:19| that we're in the age of Google and you have this stuff that you can Google within one second it can be of Internet most people's brains are actually not even bother to hard-code these this
01:02:30| information people are becoming dumber all that stuff that's not important to them which is like I said a lot of these information the numbers phone mr. smart you know why right you're using you're
01:02:42| using the information to build other neurons I get it I'm not against it it's just interesting I'm calling it the Google Information Age TM trademark on banners tropical we're not building a
01:02:58| lot of the same neurons I people I read one study now it was the Huffington Post reported it having posted to do the work but they reported that our attention spans to MIT and it's lower on average
01:03:10| than it was 20 years ago I have no clue what they base it on I'm not sure if it's correct but it sounds like it could be correct I believe it you know when you watch TV it's like if they keep
01:03:22| things on oh my god camera cuts I'm like I need a cut we need to go to a close-up someone space we need a fast motion shot you ever watch over like a really old movie with like one of the classics
01:03:37| they're like I said I wasn't Marlon Brando but uh the guy who did chim chiminey chim chiminey chim chim Tarrou that guy I forget his name you watch any of those movies or like the grass is
01:03:50| good in Spain or whatever he says I get the line don't quote me on this but if you watch these old movies it's like blurring because like the cameras only command up the whole scene thank you
01:04:02| like I didn't know its dad to google it I love dick like those old movies you watch them and you're like Jesus Christ up the whole sea it's like it's a room where they're all talking point eight
01:04:16| minutes and they'll be like four camera cuts and you're like okay you're still talking you get it but it's weird that's until cinema is gone you can't achieve it
01:04:27| you need more cuts you need in flashes of light change of sounds what's interest what's interesting though is that it's not because unbecoming Dumber those camera cuts are interesting each
01:04:39| cut has its own information related every there's a reason for them you can't just do them at random guarantee me hmm so it is a useful device it is a informative thing a good piece of medium
01:04:53| it's just it's hard to watch old movies that reason that I know I was like what what do you know Nick he forgot what is [Laughter] never finished Sammy Jenkins's Jenkins's
01:05:28| story though so the the memento guy was that he he couldn't remember anything new so his wife stricken with guilt she made him give her insulin doses to test whether he actually had it or not and
01:05:45| she ended up overdosing on it because she made me date okay not you right she thought he was faking it yeah for the audience who described this well enough yeah we're gonna have to cut
01:05:57| everything we did guys didn't do this right we do so she thought he was faked so to prove it she said Sammy it's time for my insulin and he would say okay and then give her insulin shot he was very
01:06:10| good at it because he had done this before his memory issue and then like 15 minutes later he was watching TV laughing like an idiot she said Sammy it's time for my insulin
01:06:19| anyway ha ha ha and he went and gabriel in' and like now like one more could kill her and she was like Sammy I've lancelin he went they might engage give her the insulin and she thought he was
01:06:31| taken but three four or five times later he's older on yeah she let it happen so she thought he was faking right but the assumption is if he weren't making it he wouldn't be so committed as
01:06:47| he obviously killed his wife the interesting part was reading about this is that memento that story of the wife the wife didn't actually exist from this is what someone wrote on website so the
01:07:08| wife didn't actually exist and he was inserting his own wealth by killing his own wife into the story I had to say that just because it was hold on so you're saying the Mentos story is based
01:07:18| on the guy is Sammy Jenkins it killed his wife in the story that we were told is someone else and then he made up a fake life to give them purpose in life that were you saying this is too
01:07:29| confusing to explain but yes yeah you're a premium member you can get the link to the website that I read there you go so do you guys know what I think is the coolest memory issue transient global
01:07:50| amnesia but we all share the same level amnesia you guys I was so late on that one side we try it again in three one two three transitional amnesia we'll do it around um you know that is I
01:08:13| had no idea you tell me I just got yelled at what I couldn't hear oh that's good it's better than feeling yeah yeah oh she's Lapham she's gonna make sure he remembers it just
01:08:28| remember and not a good note that's fine transient global amnesia is where you're like really made your girlfriend and like you forget where you live and you end up just like wandering the streets
01:08:42| and people are like what's wrong with you that you're like Who am I I don't know who I am can I get a job here can you pay me you know that's how it starts we know really
01:08:52| it's where you forget yeah temporary amnesia they show I need you in the movies and believable people use I don't know where to our reasoning for why they committed the crime they
01:09:01| did alright they prescribed but it's very it's not very hard it's almost impossible to prove it it's of all soap operas and telenovelas though she came as a coma and remembered everything all
01:09:15| our conversations we shouldn't have kissed him to body it was a mistake in the words of Horrible Bosses - marbeth coma boners this thing bathed and they'll just cried
01:09:29| Adele my buddy's detail is that way he's definitely not a damn way too attractive that a Charlie day and we go to the sci-fi area of things for the last bit of science I got it right here funny
01:09:48| it's a fact this one hails from Northwestern University 2014 so this is really old news but it's really good news lap 2014 is old news listen you get your page - you'll figure it out Maya
01:10:08| bandmate ryan is alma mater said that the human brain actually has a storage capacity you want to guess what is actually I wanted this fact give me the fact give me a bit anyway look I knew
01:10:20| you wanted it what gigabytes it is it's two and a half million gigabytes that's it five petabytes a petabyte yeah this guy you're a pedo feel this guy's a PETA feel if I ever met one please please do
01:10:47| not anyway you looking it up I wanted to but I someone else do you think that's low or high I thought it was low but someone said it's 300 years of TV at watch three
01:11:07| memories are a hooded like it doesn't seem like a man would take up that much space right so it is a lot they figure it's a lot it's a hell of a lot so our capacity for knowledge is not actually
01:11:19| hindered by the stupid little things we see in a day to day like I don't remember color this friggin wallpaper today and it has nothing to do with my capacity for knowledge like it's not
01:11:30| like we're full I can't fit anymore it's more to do with what my brain finds is important yeah in fact what we discussed yeah bitch Oh what is interesting I
01:11:45| guess the more connections you make the more your mind has to work for refined a file or memory or a piece of information right actually wonder is if there were someone who not only had that perfect
01:12:00| autobiographical memory right but if they had perfect memory for everything ever would they run out and at what age would they stop getting new memories because they filled up yeah I just like
01:12:15| if you over everything like right and you cost them everything will would what was interesting from this study is it said 300 years of TV at 1080p so how much information can you take in at once
01:12:30| like watching 300 years of TV you can't do in 100 years of being alive you know what I mean three TVs for could you three to eight I don't know but what's scientific are you doing everything in
01:12:46| thirds I don't know yeah you really questioned what you're taking in what you're not taking in what you're remembering what you're not remembering for the record all the best quarterbacks
01:12:57| in the NFL have near photographic memory Aaron Rodgers Carson Wentz I've read our laws and how they it's true well number like the most of the maximum number of plays that are possibilities I don't
01:13:13| have the papers yeah it's one of our past episodes you did Jeanette I did either way Arsen Wentz and Aaron Rodgers both well if you ask them about a play that
01:13:22| happened in high school against the team like hey when you play the Warhawks from you know Mississippi back in May of uh oh six like do you remember when they were in base2
01:13:32| and he'll be like yeah xsplit rayb3rt so coach always says I should go whatever low is like learner and I think I threw a 15-yard dark two tight end so and so yeah they look back to the tape he's
01:13:47| Aundre percent correct so it's crazy to think maybe that's why he's so freaking good or maybe he boils it down to something simple so he can store it for later
01:13:57| maybe but that's a friggin lot of information especially in a physical sport we're moving as you said and he's picturing his palace well I'm gonna throw it to Britney Spears on the horse
01:14:07| and she's gonna carry into the end she's got Cookie Monster I got AK when use in college I don't know okay let me tell you this point got some legs those is a camera name yeah quick shout out your
01:14:29| sponsor of the podcast not don't I don't have to plead that find this that's part of war spell CER and moving on to our next subject as my mine we got yes I'm juicy no I absolutely really crazy I
01:14:52| could hit it it's a would you rather for both of them that's the posit what do you got would you rather this is something crazy yet ever forget another single thing until
01:15:13| the day you died or never remember a new thing ever again I mean it's easy to say I'll never remember a new thing ever again like that's what I initially thought the more I thought about dub
01:15:25| never forget a single thing until you've done like loose my roses are still alive probably see a lot of them done I the negative part of life is on the second well there's a funny thing that
01:15:40| happens when you forget something were livid like you can kind of forget it if you let it fade I'm losing a loved one losing loves losing live stuff it's kind of like it hurts but it fades over time
01:15:51| if you were never forgetting a single moment or thing until you were dead you just kept filling up with not knowledge it was like photogenic I'm like oh hold on hold on
01:16:04| so what would you guys that's good any pressure on anyone I thought you're going to go with a retro and adapt and Tarot braid so if you could remember enough nothing from the past to remember
01:16:15| nothing from the future because I would definitely take remember everything in the future cuz you're not really losing anything you just have too many details funny cuz the years before your thirties
01:16:24| are your best years you just remember your worst years good job it is a dream detail do you have retrograde is that is that what this is I don't know I forget it
01:16:34| Johanna would you like to offer an answer oh you know I mean point is I think about the negative half all the time like some of your best days haven't been big in life so what I would like to
01:17:01| think that there's going to be a lot of shit but I guess that does down to do you think more good is on the way or bad is a bad forgetting to that's an important part I guess well I'm thinking
01:17:18| I'm thinking about okay they're all bad things will happen but then maybe I will process it in such a way okay all right all right misremembering I'm just letting it I'm
01:17:35| just saying that's what I came up with would probably take remember every thing same page I went the opposite way but that's because I'm your shitty years are coming you know
01:17:47| there Laura no and myself was like a tragic arrow like and the tragic parts still coming oh oh I think oh I had I had a twist on that one like the would you rather go ahead so if you could
01:18:00| remember everything but you didn't bring up up with your attic for the podcast Nikki met with the woodies right no I was just emailing so that so it's like either you could remember things in
01:18:17| extreme detail by trading off a portion of your brain so would you give up a portion of your brain so you could remember everything and look at where child yeah how much does it cost me my
01:18:29| talking like you're usually the most useless ability you don't want to give it a speech hey I know you well if it's your most useless ability Danis not a tough question it is if you
01:18:41| have enough memories you want to keep like eventually you run out of useless abilities so let's say I want to keep a thousand memories never had one Bobi to work on painting trim like that's pretty
01:18:51| how to how to paint trim as is not it it is annoying but I think that you would need that information at one point your life how to do your taxes I would eventually throw that away but then like
01:19:02| I do my taxes and they'll get a paper taxes and then I do one more like it's like how to change a diaper because my kids old mom and then I got a babysit I don't know you run into a lot of private
01:19:14| life it's very complex life is complex here are the unpaid errors we think like this complex meter for the record I don't know let's have some sci-fi stuff please do even we all know yeah so like
01:19:30| downloading up uploading knowledge like either what was nature Johnny mnemonic matrix or like altered carbon where you could store your human time finish alter carbon I finished it a nice good job
01:19:42| yeah lately just took you know months so what do you think we're going to add weight or penguin it's better than the last okay okay but there's like that one where so the weirdest stimulus that
01:19:54| happens in that that entire series is there's a fight between him and a clone that keeps cloning yourself and coming out naked and fighting at the samurai sword
01:20:03| well back since I was off yeah that was strangely perverted who was over the top yeah I'm like you know what's weird I have this weird what's the absolute fetish something you don't like I don't
01:20:17| like I don't like naked bodies that land in shards of glass yeah like if it's a clothes person I'm like who cares it's glass but if it's a naked body oh and their private parts are like sliding
01:20:30| from the floor yeah that's a new go that's exactly what that episode was then yeah and she keeps landing in the glass and like she's an air about her body because she's a clone I'm like got
01:20:45| like a cut here that's how I feel watching right I'm not a like so I guess that's what it leads to if you could just re upload yourself into another body would you care about your body at
01:21:08| all probably not if you had enough nope do it I'm not doing it I'd rather die that's something I would say not something you would say he would I would righteousness into a new body he
01:21:28| wouldn't do it I find that high because that's like a damn thing he would do I thought I was wrong I'm always afraid there'll be two of me and then I won't know what to do
01:21:36| with myself the weird thing to me is like if you copy the information like what is you write if you copied information about you any worse a clone again to be come
01:21:55| back to the memories okay you could piece on that Hank there's a way Vsauce that which one that every five or six years like the makeup absolutely different projects Cystic yeah but your
01:22:11| brain doesn't write so that's a no I thought your brain cells are all different - no brainer so is this true I actually know the brain neurons you make as a youth stay forever yes I said brain
01:22:33| neurons but like you know you're the doors that you have that you're born with and that you make us you're a kid then the fuse undergone then there is some debate now about neurogenesis in
01:22:46| the hippocampus but actually a couple months ago there were two papers that came out that we're kind of contesting the idea of neurogenesis at the campus and so at best it's a hotly debated
01:22:57| topic at worst it's not true at all you cannot remain nerves in your brain and everything else and the hippocampus is the one area where they think that there could be neurogenesis in humans there
01:23:09| there is in mice they're not sure in humans and there are some studies that seem to be promising for humans but then there was one that should be worried whatever the whole thing and they think
01:23:22| that if there is neurons in the brain then they think that having less neurogenesis has to do with maybe depression or it would have to do with Alzheimer's right because the problems
01:23:38| yeah so you have some bugs you don't have enough and then exercise could stimulate neurogenesis I heard this on a podcast the neural whatever right drop it into your pockets nor on their dander
01:23:52| on-air podcast yeah so if you so if that's not true right then there's just like tons and tons of labs are out of business right so people have a lot of impatient I do google it and it is right
01:24:11| that your brain does not return so all the cells in your body are new but those are makes visa your whole nervous system does not turn over your peripheral nerves can we
01:24:27| but now the central nervous yeah so like it takes a long time but but they can so if you have some mild nerve damage from whatever the next hand come back hmm didn't know this interesting stats yeah
01:24:43| this is the stuff quick memory plus memory - this one's real easy this was a super stat related detriments to memory in general short-term long-term all term spatial stress lack of b12 no sleep
01:25:03| drugs and infections bad we can all agree on it we right here at the offender's s a memory as I took after I didn't almost infection bed and don't go to sleep right now I was told to go to
01:25:20| sleep that 20 minutes ago Oh memory pluses I have a plus a lippies paper exercise physical exercise though that makes sense but we'll come back to it totally mentally active socialize
01:25:37| regularly like do a podcast it sounds like it's a good idea diet balanced a balanced diet a diet in parentheses fan attrition nutritional nutrition thank you but maybe someone here can tell us
01:25:56| how exercise could actually go through memory because I'm not saying well that's what I was telling you about wouldn't be campus right so they think that exercise can help promote the
01:26:09| secretion of this this long COO called BDNF so brain derived neurotrophic factor big big deal dragon mm-hmm sorry I'm just coming up with all these acronyms and I had no I'm not gonna say
01:26:37| one there anyway so so there's what this exercise they think promotion solution of this this factor right which then is potent for stimulating this neurogenesis so the
01:26:56| generation of these new neurons and having more neurons in the campus seems to help with with memories but now enough I mean you have some more neurons right to create new memories and you
01:27:09| also have more neurons that can help with going back to the hour ago these neural ensembles right so um and they helped they also help with pattern separation so if you the hippocampus has
01:27:24| a lot a large role in discriminating between two similar things and as we get older it's tougher to discriminate between let's say like one kind of Apple versus another right like a picture of
01:27:38| one so if you're presented with a whole bunch of flashcards of different objects right younger people will be able to differentiate between two similar things better than then older people with the N
01:27:52| said earlier I guess almost like we so we have a word for apple we have a symbol for Apple like as you're younger you might not have that symbol so ingrained in your brain I mean you say
01:28:02| Apple when you're one-and-a-half years old and a half years old you think this is an apple is this an apple on it the pre an apple it's green it's free this one's got a friggin shiny spot you just
01:28:13| one's got a friggin stem like you know if you're from New York sorry yeah you say like yeah they're all different but are they as an adult we've come to make shortcuts so that this is our Apple
01:28:23| ideal this is our whatever ideal this is our idea of this yeah boom we move on it's quicker so we don't have to so we don't probably don't recognize the differences make sense but but having
01:28:36| more neurons in this campus also gives you more neurons to participate in this pattern separation so you have more of these different groups of neurons right then you have more opportunity to be
01:28:49| able to differentiate right so it you have more of this neurogenesis and it could help with learning so exercise will beat more neurons which leads to
01:28:58| better pattern separation and better learning yet things like that now what um when you exercise you also can really serotonin that you release a lot of stuff I mean there sir I guess I
01:29:12| mean that could be dopamine rights is involved with you what I noticed um that is a fact of life with heavier people don't want to work out out of shape people because you're heavier it's
01:29:27| harder to work out and probably get less dopamine and serotonin from working out your brain doesn't like it your body doesn't like it it's harder to work out because you're physically heavier and
01:29:39| your body's not used to it the more in shape you become we've saved released more dopamine in 1770 excuse me and you have receptors or your body feels it better because it's a smaller man I
01:29:51| don't know I was really being curious I've no idea I really don't know um that's my area of expertise to comment on in an intelligent fashion I mean my guess is that psychology that goes into
01:30:12| working as well and it's physically hard and I used to but your body's not conditioned to it's alright jacked evasion energy to even you know start and then your body hurts you might feel
01:30:27| judged I mean right so oh no what we're saying is um yeah there and it's sad there in exercise the other thing is I believe I've read several studies that say sex feels better when you're in
01:30:41| better shape right like people were obese and orgasm hate to use that term yeah sure any one is that again comes late again I think they actually received less
01:30:55| pleasure from orgasming because their body's not in shape it doesn't feel good versus someone who's like totally jacked and they get off they feel and I think it's somewhat related I
01:31:10| don't know that it is I'm just saying it might be it's all I'm saying he just study you wanna be part study I do parents well I've gained 15 pounds of my son way
01:31:25| they eat all his food that he never eats because I have to order it he doesn't eat it anyway and then I ate my food and I paid for the food so I'm gonna eat all my food so the Momo mr. Richie all that
01:31:38| food right I called dad wait and then if we go somewhere and he wants something and I make it he doesn't eat the whole thing I can eat it because somebody made that namely me okay so I've gained like
01:31:53| start having sex those keep a log yeah you gotta give your girl give your girlfriend a survey don't worry about this how do you think that actually felt ninety-one ten nine I'll write him up
01:32:12| anyway that's we're gonna have to end this discussion and gonna finish up memory folks we're gonna finish up memory anything else anyone didn't bring up that they would like to bring into
01:32:23| the light here and bring it into the daylight cuz the only one who's really really sure genetic memory so a game like a assassin totally your sex game yeah Assassin's Creed talks about how
01:32:37| you encode it in to your own genes so that you remember kind of like a and nature versus nurture I thought that was kind of bullshit it does seem like bullshit but it is interesting would
01:32:48| like without any input would you be able to navigate the world and understand it so for the podcast if I was my great-grandfather was a sailor when grandfather was a sailor a
01:33:00| great-great great-grandfather was a sailor you play so you please yeah see Cathie's but my father was not a sailor and he never told me about sailing and I suddenly somehow found myself at the
01:33:12| helm the ship could I sail better than the average person what do you think the answer is I have no idea probably not maybe I mean instinct is like evolution right so that's not quite but tomorrow
01:33:32| so I guess the closer you get to genetic memory so epigenetics your environment can change your DNA it won't give you the genes it's going to change the markers on the way their DNA test yes I
01:33:53| don't don't love this and it's like Scott Kelly he's got Scott Kelly was up in space for a long time and they see a chance expressed differently than his twin brother on earth I think that has a
01:34:04| lot to do with the Gammage out there really fine wasn't confessed by gravity it was weird that's all that's great that he did good god bless ya and then there's the
01:34:15| increasing evidence that you can pass kind of thing along to your offspring I mean obviously those changes have to be made in your sperm and eggs right to get passed down but sure
01:34:27| well widow soon well loosen my sperm eggs alright just boy it doesn't today I buy free-range eggs books podcasts cross those barriers Nick crossing is there anything out I was like yeah leading out
01:34:56| often but not too long ago that's expensive and I will keep eating eggs this time so that covers it i my whole sheep top to bottom yes that's it that's all we got that's it folks I hope you
01:35:14| remembered check out the unpaid or xyron and check out the deer on air I said it right that time thanks to you thank you do you like that no this was a great discussion I hated
01:35:31| it I'm really sorry that's name one I was anyway you know it really wasn't that important Oh last question oh my god do you guys think the brain is
01:35:48| fractal and surface area mmm Frankle you guys do fractals in that Lee keeps holding in and like right but being surface area I'm talking well like I feel like as more surface
01:36:03| area than anything else like that's why it's crinkled and folded in oh well the surface area is that important I know I did something mhm hey that's a surface area of the
01:36:15| brain is a one square meter I didn't come across I literally develop this up fractal but it's folded so it gets a bit more so maybe you're the neocortex right that you were talking about that's only
01:36:31| like on average two millimeters six maybe two point five yeah it's only like twice the thickness of a mouse neocortex but there's a lot more of it obviously there's a lot more surface area and it's
01:36:45| all folded on itself so you could pack a lot more in there which then also gives you more opportunity for different kinds of connections right cuz they're all kinda folded in on it right right so
01:36:55| maybe fractals maybe I'm right bring it down folks we'll take it anyway folks everyone listen at home and are you're waiting for this but we all like when I like it you a lot a lot thanks
01:37:15| for tuning in next week we're going to talk about the opposite of the brain good night well the other brain yep
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